Radioprotective effects of Silymarin on the sperm parameters of NMRI mice irradiated with γ-rays

Fatehi, Daryoush; Mohammadi, Mohsen; Shekarchi, Babak; Shabani, Arash; Seify, Mohammad; Rostamzadeh, Ayoob

doi:10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.12.004

Cited by 35 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Vitamin E Amygdala, peanut, and sunflower seeds [70] Reduce the activity of NADPH oxidase and inhibit lipid peroxidation and downregulate NF-κB [19] Antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and a decline of the risk of coronary heart diseases [75,76] Silymarin Milk thistle [77] Stimulate the expression of Nrf2 and downregulate NF-κB [14] Suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation and antiatherosclerosis [14,80] Resveratrol Grapes and red wine [81,82] Reduce the uncoupling of NADPH oxidase and eNOS and upregulate antioxidant defense enzymes [81,82] Antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties against cardiovascular diseases [81,82,85] Lycopene Tomatoes, watermelons, pink grapefruit, apricots, pink guava, and papaya [29] Scavenge singlet oxygen, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur, and sulfonyl-free radicals [25] Prevention of the oxidation of DNA, lipid, and proteins [25,86] Melatonin Cereals, olives, walnuts, tomatoes, pineapples, ginger, and beans [63] Donate two electrons directly and stimulate the enzymatic antioxidant system indirectly [26,91] Suppression of oxidative stress and prevention of RIHD [90,91] Hesperidin Oranges, lemons, grapes, and olive oil [30] Passivate NADPH oxidase and inhibit TGF-β1 mRNA expression [95] Inhibition of oxidative stress, cardiac hypertrophy, and cardiac remodeling [95,96] 9 Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity process of lipid peroxidation. Therefore, Vit E can reduce the risk of coronary heart disease [14].…”

Section: Antioxidant Source Mechanism Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxidative Stress in Radiation-Induced Cardiotoxicity

Zhang

Yang

Liu

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

121

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There is a distinct increase in the risk of heart disease in people exposed to ionizing radiation (IR). Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) is one of the adverse side effects when people are exposed to ionizing radiation. IR may come from various forms, such as diagnostic imaging, radiotherapy for cancer treatment, nuclear disasters, and accidents. However, RIHD was mainly observed after radiotherapy for chest malignant tumors, especially left breast cancer. Radiation therapy (RT) has become one of the main ways to treat all kinds of cancer, which is used to reduce the recurrence of cancer and improve the survival rate of patients. The potential cause of radiation-induced cardiotoxicity is unclear, but it may be relevant to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress, an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), disrupts intracellular homeostasis through chemical modification and damages proteins, lipids, and DNA; therefore, it results in a series of related pathophysiological changes. The purpose of this review was to summarise the studies of oxidative stress in radiotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and provide prevention and treatment methods to reduce cardiac damage.

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Section: Antioxidant Source Mechanism Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Silymarin, also as an herbal antioxidant, is used to prevent CVD, with fewer side effects, and can eliminate ROS and enhance antioxidant enzymes. In addition, Silymarin has a stronger antioxidant effect than vitamin E and other antioxidants [80].…”

Section: Antioxidant Source Mechanism Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress in Radiation-Induced Cardiotoxicity

Zhang

Yang

Liu

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

121

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“…Therefore, silymarin can be used as a supplement thanks to its chemoprotectant and radioprotectant properties to protect sperm cells against harmful chemical and physical factors. Further, reports suggest that silymarin, as a radioprotective, can reduce and even improve the adverse effects of radiation [48,49].It has also been shown that silymarin is a sperm protective agent against sodium arsenite toxicity, and it is able to improve various parameters of sperm such as motility, viability, and mitochondrial membrane potential of sperm [50]. In our study, the mice that only received nicotine showed a significant increase in immotile sperms and in situ sperms coupled with a significant decrease in the number of progressive sperms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the toxicity effects of nicotine on sperm and IVF and the potential protective role of silymarin—an experimental study in mice

Amini‐Khoei

Mohammadi

Hassanvand

et al. 2020

Middle East Fertil Soc J

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Background Male infertility is usually caused via the inability to produce adequate quantities of healthy and active sperms. Nicotine (NIC) is an alkaloid organic compound, predominantly found in the leaves of the tobacco plant. The major part of the nicotine is not ionized, so it can easily pass through cell membranes. Meanwhile, most of the disorders are caused by oxidative stress due to oxygen free radicals and other reactive species. Antioxidant supplements and antioxidant-rich foods can reduce induced oxidative stress without becoming destabilized themselves. This study aimed to examine spermato-protective potential of silymarin (SIL), on sperm and in vitro fertility (IVF) rate in nicotine-treated mice. Results Our results show a significant increase in the number of abnormal sperm morphology after nicotine exposure, when compared to control groups (p < 0.05). On the other hand, SIL had a significant effect on the sperm count at each of the treated doses. Further, in the mice that received nicotine plus silymarin, the viable sperm percentage and the progressive sperm motility were significant (p < 0.05). Also, a significant reduction in the number of two-cell embryos and blastocyst-derived embryo was seen with increment in the number of dead embryos in mice receiving nicotine alone (p < 0.05). Conclusions In conclusion, SIL could support prevention of the adverse reproductive effects of nicotine. Moreover, SIL200 mg/kg may be therefore considered as a spermato-protective agent in dietary and herbal supplements.

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“…The biological effects of low-dose radiation have long been noted by researchers (Cai and Liu 1990;Cai et al 1993;Cai and Wang 1995;Feinendegen 2005;Khan et al 2015). Due to the multifaceted effects of radiation exposure and the complex and resistant nature of tissues and systems, adverse effects of low dose radiation remain to be understood (Hasegawa et al 1998;Feinendegen 2005;Fang et al 2013;Khan et al 2015;Fatehi et al 2018). The complexity of cellular metabolism and defense systems present a challenge towards understanding this phenomenon (Dewey et al 1995;Hasegawa et al 1997Hasegawa et al , 1998Seong et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pelvic Radiation-Induced Testicular Damage: An Experimental Study at 1 Gray

Rakıcı

Güzel

Tümkaya

et al. 2019

Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine

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Therapeutic radiation of the pelvic region has been shown to cause damage to testicular germ cells. In this study we aimed to evaluate the effects of a low therapeutic dose of 1 Gy on the induction of cellular and histological damage in early-stage testicular germ cells and the impact of this radiation on offspring sex ratio. Unirradiated and irradiated male rats were mated with unirradiated female rats. Female rats were followed and the sex of the offspring was determined. The male rats were sacrificed at the end of the second week, and the testicular germ cells were subjected to genetic analysis along with cytological and histopathological examination. Sperm DNA was amplified with primers specific to testis-specific Y-linked protein, rat actin beta and testis-specific X-linked genes. The resulting products were separated by capillary electrophoresis. Histopathological changes were investigated by light microscopy along with the TUNEL assay and immunohistochemical staining for caspase-3. There was no significant difference between the two groups for sex ratio and size of offspring. The number of sperm cells bearing X or Y chromosomes' did not differ significantly between these two groups. However, a 1 Gy dose of radiation caused significant cytopathological and histopathological changes in the testicular tissue. In the irradiated group, edematous regions were evident. The number of caspase-3 positive cells in the germinal epithelium of the seminiferous tubules was also significantly higher in the irradiated group. Our results showed that low-dose radiation induced apoptosis and caused significant cytoand histopathological changes in the testicular tissue. Further research is required to fully elucidate their contribution to apoptosis and if low-dose radiation may potentially lead to longterm effects in the offspring. These results may also lead us to develop a new technique using the caspase-3 staining to monitor the susceptibility to low dose radiation.

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Radioprotective effects of Silymarin on the sperm parameters of NMRI mice irradiated with γ-rays

Cited by 35 publications

References 34 publications

Oxidative Stress in Radiation-Induced Cardiotoxicity

Oxidative Stress in Radiation-Induced Cardiotoxicity

Assessment of the toxicity effects of nicotine on sperm and IVF and the potential protective role of silymarin—an experimental study in mice

Pelvic Radiation-Induced Testicular Damage: An Experimental Study at 1 Gray

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