Radiotherapy of high-grade gliomas: dealing with a stalemate

Frosina, Guido

doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104110

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…A literature search was performed in PubMed using general terms ("radio* and gliom*") and time limits from 1 January 2022 to 30 June 2022. Despite the fact that the exclusion of relevant articles retrievable in other databases or using different terminology cannot be excluded, the use of the general terms indicated above has shown, in the past, to recover the vast majority of articles relating to the topic analyzed [14,15]. Of the 934 records automatically identified, 633 were manually discarded because, based on the article titles, they did not meet the criteria for relevance to the topics "Radiology of HGG" or "Radiotherapy of HGG".…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Image-Based Models for High-Grade Gliomas Might Be Accelerated

Frosina

2024

Cancers

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The first half of 2022 saw the publication of several major research advances in image-based models and artificial intelligence applications to optimize treatment strategies for high-grade gliomas, the deadliest brain tumors. We review them and discuss the barriers that delay their entry into clinical practice; particularly, the small sample size and the heterogeneity of the study designs and methodologies used. We will also write about the poor and late palliation that patients suffering from high-grade glioma can count on at the end of life, as well as the current legislative instruments, with particular reference to Italy. We suggest measures to accelerate the gradual progress in image-based models and end of life care for patients with high-grade glioma.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Image-Based Models for High-Grade Gliomas Might Be Accelerated

Frosina

2024

Cancers

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“…Moving on to HGG, an initial brachytherapy treatment using local sources of 125I may cause a tumor shrinking that will eventually allow for surgery in those patients where surgical intervention is initially impossible due to the infiltration of key neurological areas. Studies conducted in vitro have demonstrated that dividing the overall dosage of radiation therapy into fractions ten times smaller than the typical 2.0 Gy (also known as ultra-hyper-fractionated radiotherapy, or ultra-hyper FRT) significantly increases the therapeutic efficiency of the radiation towards HGG cells [20].…”

Section: Radiotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immuno-PET for Glioma Imaging: An Update

De Feo,

Granese,

Conte

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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Despite significant advances in glioma diagnosis and treatment, overall outcomes remain suboptimal. Exploring novel therapeutic avenues show promise in advancing the field. Theranostics, an evolving discipline integrating diagnosis and therapy, emerges as a particularly auspicious approach. However, an unmet need exists for glioma-associated biomarkers as theranostic targets. Immuno-positron emission tomography (Immuno-PET), a pioneering method uniting PET diagnostic precision with antibody specificity, holds potential for identifying cancer-associated biomarkers. This review aims to provide an updated overview of immuno-PET applications in gliomas. Notably, [44Sc]-CHX-A″-DTPA-Cetuximab-Fab targeting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) has displayed promise in glioma xenografts, enabling potential imaging at 4 h post-injection. Similarly, [89Zr]-bevacizumab targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) yielded encouraging results in preclinical models and a pioneering clinical trial for pediatric patients with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG). Several cell differentiation markers, including CD146, indicative of tumor aggressiveness, and CD11b, reflecting tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs), proved effective targets for immuno-PET. Additionally, immuno-PET directed at prostate-specific antigen (PSMA) demonstrated efficacy in imaging glioma-associated neovasculature. While holding promise for precise diagnosis and treatment guidance, challenges persist in achieving target specificity and selecting suitable radionuclides. Further studies are imperative to advance the field and bridge a translational gap from bench to bedside.

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