Radiowave Propagation Analysis With a Bidirectional 3-D Vector Parabolic Equation Method

Ahdab, Zeina El; Akleman, Funda

doi:10.1109/tap.2017.2670321

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…There are two most commonly used numerical methods for solving PE (2): split-step Fourier method (SSF) [32,33] and finite-difference (FD) approximations [21,34]. Both methods have their pros and cons [35,36].…”

Section: Split-step Fourier Numerical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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V2I Propagation Loss Predictions in Simplified Urban Environment: A Two-Way Parabolic Equation Approach

2020

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This study is devoted to radio wave propagation modeling in the urban environment. Special attention has been paid to the features of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications. For the first time, the three-dimensional bidirectional parabolic equation (PE) method has been applied to the specified problem. Buildings and other obstacles are modeled by impenetrable (perfectly electric conducting) cuboids. A harmonic radiation source with an arbitrary direction pattern may be modeled. Numerical simulation is performed for various propagation scenarios. A comparison with the ray-tracing (RT) method is given. The results of the numerical simulation prove the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method. Some recommendations for deploying VANETs are obtained based on the numerical results.

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Section: Split-step Fourier Numerical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are a number of works [43][44][45] in which the two-dimensional two-way PE method is applied to the radio wave propagation problem with terrain inhomogeneities. Three dimensional two-way PE for radio wave propagation was introduced in [33].…”

Section: Two-way Pementioning

confidence: 99%

V2I Propagation Loss Predictions in Simplified Urban Environment: A Two-Way Parabolic Equation Approach

2020

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“…For longer distances, diffraction effects become dominant, and either the uniform geometrical theory of diffraction (UTD) [29], often combined with ray-launching methods [30][31][32][33] (indoors), or knife-edge models [34,35] can be applied. Different knife-edge methods include the forward [36] and two-way [37,38] parabolic equation (PE)-based approaches, which are implemented either in the frequency [35] or time-domain [39,40]. For longer distances, scattering becomes the dominant effect, and the Okumura-Hata model [41] and the Longley-Rice irregular terrain model (ITM) [42,43] are most popular.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cityscape LoRa Signal Propagation Predicted and Tested Using Real-World Building-Data Based O-FDTD Simulations and Experimental Characterization

Adão

Balvís²,

Carpentier

et al. 2021

Sensors

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The age of the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart cities calls for low-power wireless communication networks, for which the Long-Range (LoRa) is a rising star. Efficient network engineering requires the accurate prediction of the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) spatial distribution. However, the most commonly used models either lack the physical accurateness, resolution, or versatility for cityscape real-world building distribution-based RSSI predictions. For this purpose, we apply the 2D electric field wave-propagation Oscillator Finite-Difference Time-Domain (O-FDTD) method, using the complex dielectric permittivity to model reflection and absorption effects by concrete walls and the receiver sensitivity as the threshold to obtain a simulated coverage area in a 600 × 600 m2 square. Further, we report a simple and low-cost method to experimentally determine the signal coverage area based on mapping communication response-time delays. The simulations show a strong building influence on the RSSI, compared against the Free-Space Path (FSPL) model. We obtain a spatial overlap of 84% between the O-FDTD simulated and experimental signal coverage maps. Our proof-of-concept approach is thoroughly discussed compared to previous works, outlining error sources and possible future improvements. O-FDTD is demonstrated to be most promising for both indoors and outdoors applications and presents a powerful tool for IoT and smart city planners.

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“…The PE model usually only considers the earth's circular path and the atmospheric structure on the path between transmitting and receiving points because of the vast area in the prediction of radio wave propagation in large-scale complex troposphere environment. At the same time, the 3DPE (three-dimensional PE) model is widely used to calculate RCS (Radar Cross Section) of electrically large targets [3], [4]. The research on tropospheric radio propagation is still in its infancy and exploration stage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable Step Size Technique for the Parabolic Equation in Complex Environmental Conditions

et al. 2019

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In this paper, a variable step size method for the PE (Parabolic Equation) is proposed to solve the problem of low computational efficiency in the study of radio wave propagation at a large range of complex environments. Firstly, the relationship between the error and the step size, the frequency and other factors of the SSFT (Split-Step Fourier Transform) solution in the standard atmosphere is deduced, and then the basic selection range of the step size is given for the variable step size method. Secondly, the action mechanism of different environmental factors and the requirement of changing trend for step size are expounded through simulation, and the complex environment of PE application is classified according to the requirement of error. Finally, the electric wave characteristics of typical complex environment are advanced by the method. The simulation results show that compared with the small step method, the variable step size method of the PE can reduce the horizontal sampling point by 55.9% and the calculation time by 69.6% when the accuracy is close to the small step method, and the variable step size method is more accurate than the fixed large size step method. Therefore, the variable step size on the PE can not only ensure the accuracy of calculation, but also reduce the memory and time required, which greatly improves the reliability and efficiency. Moreover, it is suitable for solving the problem of the radio wave propagation in complex environment.INDEX TERMS Split-step Fourier transform, parabolic equation, radio wave propagation, variable step size method.

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Radiowave Propagation Analysis With a Bidirectional 3-D Vector Parabolic Equation Method

Cited by 18 publications

References 30 publications

V2I Propagation Loss Predictions in Simplified Urban Environment: A Two-Way Parabolic Equation Approach

V2I Propagation Loss Predictions in Simplified Urban Environment: A Two-Way Parabolic Equation Approach

Cityscape LoRa Signal Propagation Predicted and Tested Using Real-World Building-Data Based O-FDTD Simulations and Experimental Characterization

Variable Step Size Technique for the Parabolic Equation in Complex Environmental Conditions

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