Rafflesia mixta (Rafflesiaceae), a new species from Surigao del Norte, Mindanao, Philippines

Barcelona, Julie F.; Manting, Muhmin Michael E.; Arbolonio, Romel B.; Carballero, Rolly B.; Pelser, Pieter B.

doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.174.5.3

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…(Nais, 2001). Rafflesia has recently been the focus of several research projects in which new species were discovered and described (e.g., Barcelona & al., 2009bBarcelona & al., , 2014Balete & al., 2010;Mat-Salleh & al., 2010;Galindon & al., 2016). Molecular phylogenetic studies further revealed that Rafflesia mitochondria contain DNA regions that were obtained from Tetrastigma through horizontal gene transfer (Davis & Wurdack, 2004) and that some of these genes are expressed by the parasite (Xi & al., 2012).…”

Section: Version Of Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we aim to contribute to knowledge of the evolution of the host-parasite associations between Tetrastigma and Rafflesia and the conservation of Rafflesia in the Philippines by determining patterns of host specificity and preference. The Philippine archipelago is home to 13 currently recognized Rafflesia species (Barcelona & al., 2014;Galindon & al., 2016), all of which are endemic to the country. A total of 11 Rafflesia species were included in our studies and their hosts were collected throughout their distribution range and in most areas from which Rafflesia is presently known.…”

Section: Version Of Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Untangling a vine and its parasite: Host specificity of Philippine Rafflesia (Rafflesiaceae)

Pelser

Nickrent

Barcelona

2016

TAXON

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Rafflesia species are endo‐holoparasites of Tetrastigma (Vitaceae) vines. Despite receiving considerable attention because of their rarity, enormous flowers, and fascinating parasitic life style, surprisingly little is known about their host specificity and host preference. This lack of information prevents a better understanding of the evolution of the host‐parasite associations and host‐focused conservation management of these threatened plants. This study is the first comprehensive analysis of host specificity and preference in Rafflesia. A total of 180 host plants of 11 out of 13 species of Philippine Rafflesia as well as non‐parasitized Tetrastigma plants from most areas where Rafflesia species have been found were included in our study. Morphological data and nuclear and plastid DNA sequence phylogenies were used to identify and distinguish Tetrastigma lineages. Our studies provide support for previous claims that Tetrastigma species are the exclusive hosts of Rafflesia. A total of eight lineages of Philippine Tetrastigma were identified of which six are hosts of Rafflesia. Most of these Tetrastigma lineages are hosts of multiple Rafflesia species. In addition, four Rafflesia species parasitize multiple Tetrastigma lineages. The finding that Tetrastigma lineages and Rafflesia species that are relatively common are involved in multiple host‐parasite associations suggests that these Rafflesia species are less host‐specific than previous studies indicated. However, because some sympatric Tetrastigma species are not among the observed host species, we tentatively conclude that Philippine Rafflesia show at least some degree of host specificity. Host phylogenies suggest that cospeciation might not have occurred in the diversification of Philippine Rafflesia and Tetrastigma.

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Section: Version Of Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Version Of Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untangling a vine and its parasite: Host specificity of Philippine Rafflesia (Rafflesiaceae)

Pelser

Nickrent

Barcelona

2016

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“…Male and female flowers are found in different individuals [2,3]. Rafflesia lives as holoparasite [3,4,5] and attached to the host plant through an organ called haustoria which has a root-like function [1]. The host belongs to the genus Tetrastigma (Vitaceae) which is liana [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology of Rafflesia arnoldii (Rafflesiaceae) in Pandam Gadang West Sumatra

2019

J.Trop.Life.Science

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Pandam Gadang has tropical forests which become the habitat of Rafflesia (Rafflesia arnoldii), which grows as a parasite of Tetrastigma (Vitaceae). Study on R. arnoldii is needed since its population continuously decreases as a result of habitat destruction of its host. The aim of the study was to determine habitat conditions, vegetation structure, and characteristics of the host species of Rafflesia; to identify environmental factors, and determine the Rafflesia habitat suitability in Pandam Gadang Koto Tinggi Village, West Sumatra. Analysis of vegetation in the habitat where Rafflesia grows using a circular plot. The number of individuals Rafflesia found was recorded and completed with observations of its morphology. Microclimate measurements were carried out together with data collection in the field. Flower morphological analysis was descriptively presented. Environmental parameters were-processed with Canoco software 4.56 using Canonical Correspondence Analysis. Habitat suitability was analyzed using Maximum Entropy. The 17 Rafflesia individuals found on Pandam Gadang were R. arnoldii, known as "Cendawan Biriang", living parasitically on Tetrastigma leucostaphylum. The results of analysis of vegetation in the Rafflesia habitat showed that there were 250 individual plants consisting of 42 species and 21 genera. Seedlings most dominant was Lauraceae, belt was dominated by Moraceae, Meliaceae, and Euphorbiaceae. Trees were dominated by Euphorbiaceae, Moraceae, and Meliaceae. Existence and survival of R. arnoldii depended on soil pH 7-7.8, environmental humidity 83-91.8 %, and distance from the nearest river 3-27.8 m.

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“…(Rafflesiaceae) is a genus of endophytic, holoparasitic plants, well-known for producing the largest flowers on record (Kuijt 1969, Meijer 1985, 1997, Nais 2001). The Philippines is one of the centers of diversity of the genus (Barcelona et al 2009b, Pelser et al 2013), with at least 12 species thus far recorded from the archipelago (Teschemacher 1842, Blanco 1845, Hieronymus 1885, Barcelona and Fernando 2002, Fernando and Ong 2005, Barcelona et al 2006, 2008a, 2008b, 2009a, 2009b, 2011, 2014, Galang and Madulid 2006, Balete et al 2010, Pelser et al 2013), eight of which were described only since 2002. Of all known Philippine species, five are recorded from Luzon Island, viz., Rafflesia aurantia Barcelona, Co & Balete (Barcelona et al 2009a) from Quirino Province; Rafflesia baletei Barcelona & Cajano (Barcelona et al 2006) from Camarines Sur Province; Rafflesia lagascae Blanco (Blanco 1845, Barcelona et al 2009, 2011 [as Rafflesia manillana Teschem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rafflesia consueloae (Rafflesiaceae), the smallest among giants; a new species from Luzon Island, Philippines

Galindon¹,

Ong²,

Fernando³

2016

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A new species of Rafflesia (Rafflesiaceae) from Luzon Island, Philippines, Rafflesia consueloae Galindon, Ong & Fernando, is described and illustrated. It is distinct from all other species of Rafflesia in its small-sized flowers, the upright perigone lobes, and prominently cream-white disk surface that is often devoid of processes. Its small-sized flowers, with an average diameter of 9.73 cm when fully expanded, make it the smallest of the largest flowers in the world.

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Rafflesia mixta (Rafflesiaceae), a new species from Surigao del Norte, Mindanao, Philippines

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Untangling a vine and its parasite: Host specificity of Philippine Rafflesia (Rafflesiaceae)

Untangling a vine and its parasite: Host specificity of Philippine Rafflesia (Rafflesiaceae)

Ecology of Rafflesia arnoldii (Rafflesiaceae) in Pandam Gadang West Sumatra

Rafflesia consueloae (Rafflesiaceae), the smallest among giants; a new species from Luzon Island, Philippines

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