Railway bridge dynamics: development of a new high-speed train load model for dynamic analyses of train crossing

Reiterer, Michael; Firus, Andrei; Vorwagner, Alois; Lombaert, Geert; Schneider, Jens; Kohl, Antonia M.

doi:10.2749/ghent.2021.1633

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…With an additional tolerance of 1 %, the number of trains considered relevant could be reduced again to around 200. A detailed description of the procedure can be found in [7].…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to an extensive literature study and the already available experience of the project partners, the steering committee, and external experts, it was agreed that a large part of the European single span bridges should be covered within the chosen bridge parameter ranges. Detailed information on the chosen bridge set and its background can be found in [7].…”

Section: The Selection Of the Relevant Bridgesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An important part of this study was the selection of trains to have a basis for optimizing the new load model. As described in [7], a comprehensive set of over 3500 currently operating and possibly newly developed trains was collected. In order to save the computational time needed for the optimization, only the relevant, most aggressive trains were considered.…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the near past, it has very often been found, however, that the HSLM-A train set does not cover the excitation of the real running operating trains (e.g. of the German ICE 4 and the Austrian Railjet) and hence, the application of the HSLM-A trains might lead to an unsafe design of railway bridges [5], [6], [7].In this sense, the consortium TU Darmstadt, KU Leuven, Austrian Institute of Technology and REVOTEC was commissioned in 2019 by the German Federal Railway Authority to develop a new high-speed load model that should remediate these shortcomings. The new load model should cover all currently operating trains that travel in the European railway network and should provide a standardizable load model for new Eurocode versions.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Development of a new high‐speed train load model for dynamic calculation of railway bridges

Reiterer,

Kwapisz,

Firus

et al. 2023

ce papers

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Dynamic calculations of train crossing of railway bridges must be carried out in Europe in accordance with current valid standards for both new and existing bridges. The high‐speed load model (HSLM) trains to be used are defined in the Eurocode, denoted as HSLM‐A1 to ‐A10. In the near past, the results gained from these dynamic calculations of train crossing have shown, that the current valid HSLM model trains do not cover the bridge vibration response level for certain real operating trains. It turned out that the application of the HSLM‐A trains might lead to an unsafe design of new railway bridges and destabilization of the ballast layer may occur, leading to safety critical track position defects and eventually to train derailments. Hence, in 2019 the consortium TU Darmstadt, KU Leuven, Austrian Institute of Technology and REVOTEC was commissioned by the German Federal Railway Authority to develop a completely new European high‐speed train load model for dynamic calculations of railway bridges that should account for almost all current running operating trains in the European railway network. The project ended in June 2023 and this paper presents the steps carried out to develop the high‐speed train load model, denoted as HSLM‐C, and the results of validation calculations considering more than 300 existing railway bridges of different construction type.

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“…With an additional tolerance of 1 %, the number of trains considered relevant could be reduced again to around 200. A detailed description of the procedure can be found in [7].…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Selection Of the Relevant Bridgesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a new high‐speed train load model for dynamic calculation of railway bridges

Reiterer,

Kwapisz,

Firus

et al. 2023

ce papers

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A discussion about the limitations of the Eurocode’s high-speed load model for railway bridges

Ferreira,

Montenegro,

Pinto

et al. 2024

Railw. Eng. Sci.

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High-speed railway bridges are subjected to normative limitations concerning maximum permissible deck accelerations. For the design of these structures, the European norm EN 1991-2 introduces the high-speed load model (HSLM)—a set of point loads intended to include the effects of existing high-speed trains. Yet, the evolution of current trains and the recent development of new load models motivate a discussion regarding the limits of validity of the HSLM. For this study, a large number of randomly generated load models of articulated, conventional, and regular trains are tested and compared with the envelope of HSLM effects. For each type of train, two sets of 100,000 load models are considered: one abiding by the limits of the EN 1991-2 and another considering wider limits. This comparison is achieved using both a bridge-independent metric (train signatures) and dynamic analyses on a case study bridge (the Canelas bridge of the Portuguese Railway Network). For the latter, a methodology to decrease the computational cost of moving loads analysis is introduced. Results show that some theoretical load models constructed within the stipulated limits of the norm can lead to effects not covered by the HSLM. This is especially noted in conventional trains, where there is a relation with larger distances between centres of adjacent vehicle bogies.

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Application of Vehicle-Based Indirect Structural Health Monitoring Method to Railway Bridges—Simulation and In Situ Test

Reiterer,

Bettinelli,

Schellander

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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In recent years, the vehicle-based indirect Structural Health Monitoring (iSHM) method has been increasingly used to identify the dynamic characteristics of railway bridges during train crossings, and it has been shown that this method has several advantages compared to traditional SHM methods. A major advantage is that sensors are just mounted on the vehicle, and no sensors or data acquisition systems need to be installed on the railway bridge. In this paper, the application of the vehicle-based iSHM method is demonstrated numerically and experimentally for determining the natural frequencies of railway steel bridges during train crossing. The coupled linear equations of motion of the train-bridge multi-body system are derived, and train crossing simulations are conducted numerically, considering different train speeds. Three different railway bridges are considered, and the train-induced vibration responses are calculated for both the train multi-body system and the railway bridge models. Different representative evaluation points are chosen for the wheelsets, bogies, and car bodies of the considered vehicle. To calibrate the numerical model, the resonance frequencies of an existing single-span steel bridge are measured in situ by the application of forced vibration tests. Besides the executed in situ measurements of the bridge, the considered crossing vehicle is also instrumented with several accelerometers at the wheelsets, bogies, and car bodies, and the vibration responses of both the bridge and the crossing vehicle are measured simultaneously during the duration of several train crossings with different train speeds. The recorded vibration responses are analyzed in the frequency domain and compared with numerical simulation results. It is shown that the first bending frequency of the considered railway bridge can be clearly identified from the computed frequency response spectra and that the vehicle-based iSHM method provides a promising tool for identifying the dynamic characteristics of railway bridges.

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Railway bridge dynamics: development of a new high-speed train load model for dynamic analyses of train crossing

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Development of a new high‐speed train load model for dynamic calculation of railway bridges

Development of a new high‐speed train load model for dynamic calculation of railway bridges

A discussion about the limitations of the Eurocode’s high-speed load model for railway bridges

Application of Vehicle-Based Indirect Structural Health Monitoring Method to Railway Bridges—Simulation and In Situ Test

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