Rain-aerosol coupling in the tropical atmosphere of Southeast Asia: distribution and scavenging ratios of major ionic species

He, Jun; Balasubramanian, Rajasekhar

doi:10.1007/s10874-008-9118-x

Cited by 34 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…It is hypothesized that absorption of solar radiation in the atmosphere coupled with the microphysical influence of aerosol particles on cloud droplets impact cloud formation and lifetime (Mcfarquahar and Wang, 2006; as well as precipitation (Barbel, 2007;Tosca et al, 2010). Geochemical cycles: Aerosol particles are a significant component to a host of geochemical cycles, such as carbon , and trace elements (Langmann and Graf, 2003;He and Balasubramanian, 2009a). The carbon pools of SEA, especially in relation to peatland, are tremendous (Hergoualch and Verchot, 2011).…”

Section: Interdisciplinary Nature Of Aerosol Impacts In Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

Observing and understanding the Southeast Asian aerosol system by remote sensing: An initial review and analysis for the Seven Southeast Asian Studies (7SEAS) program

Reid¹,

Hyer²,

Johnson

et al. 2013

Atmospheric Research

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264

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Section: Interdisciplinary Nature Of Aerosol Impacts In Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

Observing and understanding the Southeast Asian aerosol system by remote sensing: An initial review and analysis for the Seven Southeast Asian Studies (7SEAS) program

Reid¹,

Hyer²,

Johnson

et al. 2013

Atmospheric Research

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300

264

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“…K. pneumoniae was also found to be prevalent in air samples near pulp and paper mills, suggesting that it is part of bioaerosols and ambient air in urban environments (20). Cloud and rain droplets are known to scavenge atmospheric aerosols and gases through nucleation and below-cloud scavenging mechanisms, respectively (5,25,36). It is thus quite likely that the microbial pathogens or flora associated with aerosol particles were incorporated into rainwater through such scavenging mechanisms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Air Quality on the Composition of Microbial Pathogens in Fresh Rainwater

Kaushik

Balasubramanian

Cruz

2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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In this study, the microbiological quality of fresh rainwater was assessed from 50 rain events under tropical weather conditions for a year. The levels of four major opportunistic waterborne pathogens, namely, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Aeromonas hydrophila, in rainwater samples were quantified by using a robust and sensitive quantitative PCR (qPCR) method. Of the 50 rainwater samples, 25 were found to be positive for at least one pathogen: 21 for E. coli, 16 for P. aeruginosa, 6 for K. pneumoniae, and 1 for A. hydrophila. In addition to the microbiological assessment of rainwater samples, we also studied the influence of prevailing air quality on the microbial quality of rainwater over the sampling period. A significant change in the diversity and relative abundance of the basic microbial indicator organisms in rainwater was observed during a major regional air pollution episode in Southeast Asia due to biomass-burning emissions. Water shortage is becoming a major problem worldwide due to the increased demands of growing population and urbanization (29,38). In an effort to ensure a sustainable future, a global search for alternative sources of water is ongoing, and rainwater harvesting has received considerable attention (1,13,23,44,45). However, the use of rainwater for drinking purposes is impeded by issues of water quality in terms of chemical and microbiological contamination and its potential health risks (1). While numerous studies on the chemical contamination of rainwater have been conducted (5,11,27,30,43), its microbial quality remains relatively unknown due to the analytical challenge involved in the detection of a range of contaminants, particularly pathogens.Some previous studies have reported that roof-harvested rainwater is generally acceptable for drinking and household purposes (12,13,16,26), while more-recent studies have revealed the presence of waterborne pathogens in rainwater samples (1,3,11,22,34,35,43). Differences in the characteristics of the catchment area, the type of water tanks, their cleanliness, and other factors, such as roof material, the intensity of human activities in the catchment area (urban or rural), and the presence of insects and birds on the rooftop, could be responsible for the contradictory results in the literature on the microbial quality of rainwater (10,17,18,34,39,46). Numerous studies conducted on the chemical composition of rainwater and roof runoff have demonstrated links between chemical contaminants and weather patterns, and between atmospheric transport and deposition (9,19,24,48). However, little is known about such links with respect to microbial composition. In order to identify sources of microorganisms in roof-harvested rainwater, it is desirable to study the microbial flora of fresh rainwater prior to its collection and storage, with no contamination from external sources.Microbial water quality monitoring is generally directed toward indicator microorganisms such as coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiel...

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“…The coastal atmosphere adjacent to large urban areas can be strongly affected by the emission of air pollutants (Gao et al 1996, He and Balasubramanian 2008, Fang et al 2006. The major airborne pollutants include the ionic species such as SO 4 2-, NO 3 -, Na + , and NH 4 + , among others, associated with suspended aerosol particles (He and Balasubramanian 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major airborne pollutants include the ionic species such as SO 4 2-, NO 3 -, Na + , and NH 4 + , among others, associated with suspended aerosol particles (He and Balasubramanian 2008). Moreover, aerosols greatly vary in their size, chemical composition, and temporal variations (IPCC 2007, He and Balasubramanian 2008, Lee and Hieu 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric particle dry deposition of major ions to the South Atlantic coastal area observed at Baía de Todos os Santos, Brazil

Mkoma

Rocha²,

Domingos³

et al. 2014

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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The coastal atmosphere adjacent to large urban areas can be strongly affected by the emission of air pollutants, among them, major ions species. In this study, the chemical composition and sources of carboxylates and other water-soluble ions in fine and coarse aerosols as well as estimates of particle dry deposition fluxes were studied at a tropical coastal site affected by an urban environment. The mean concentrations of the total carboxylates were 78 ng m -3 in fine fraction and 81 ng m -3 in coarse fraction of particulate matter (PM). The corresponding values for the total inorganic ions were 2143 ng m -3 and 4880 ng m -3 respectively. Main sources for fine particles were: (i) photochemical formation of carboxylic acids in vapor phase and a posterior gas-to-particle conversion onto sea salt particles; (ii) emissions from anthropic sources with long range transportation processes; and (iii) the interchanging of volatile species among atmospheric phases. In turn, for coarse particles, the predominant sources were: (i) gas-phase species and ab/adsorbed onto preexisting particles afterwards; (ii) primary emission of coarse particles from anthropogenic sources; and (iii) sea salt spray and/or soil resuspension. Finally, particle dry deposition was a very important mechanism representing air-to-sea fluxes of major species.

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Rain-aerosol coupling in the tropical atmosphere of Southeast Asia: distribution and scavenging ratios of major ionic species

Cited by 34 publications

References 40 publications

Observing and understanding the Southeast Asian aerosol system by remote sensing: An initial review and analysis for the Seven Southeast Asian Studies (7SEAS) program

Observing and understanding the Southeast Asian aerosol system by remote sensing: An initial review and analysis for the Seven Southeast Asian Studies (7SEAS) program

Influence of Air Quality on the Composition of Microbial Pathogens in Fresh Rainwater

Atmospheric particle dry deposition of major ions to the South Atlantic coastal area observed at Baía de Todos os Santos, Brazil

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