Rainfall erosivity over the Calabrian region

Aronica, Giuseppe Tito; Ferro, Vito

doi:10.1080/02626669709492004

Cited by 46 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The rainfall intensities (I 30 ) for storms were from 1.2 to 22.9 mm h -1 for the three-study period. This variability is particularly to Mediterranean basin, which is subjected to strong spatial temporal oscillations in weather [24,25], especially in rainfall erosivity. runoff rates.…”

Section: Rainfall Characteristics and Soil-erosion And Runoff Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and Agronomic Benefits of Aromatic and Medicinal Plant Strips for Rainfed Almond Orchards in Semiarid Slopes (SE, Spain)

Zuazo¹,

Pleguezuelo²,

Raya³

et al. 2008

TOASJ

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Abstract:In the Mediterranean zone semi-natural vegetation and diverse mountain-cropping systems have been converted into monocultures with low tree densities, leaving the soil unprotected. Soil loss and runoff over a three-year period were monitored in hillside erosion plots (35% slope and 144 m 2 in area) with almond (Prunus amygdalus) trees under three soil-management systems: no-tillage with sage (Salvia lavandulifolia L.) strips 3 m wide (NTSS); no-tillage with rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) strips (NTRS), and no-tillage with thyme (Thymus baeticus L.) strips (NTTS) in south-eastern Spain. Also, the nut yield from almond trees, and the biomass and essential oils from aromatic-shrub strips were measured. According to our findings, the NTTS, NTRS and NTSS reduced erosion with respect to the common local conventional tillage by 95, 94, and 77%, and the runoff by 85, 84, and 60%, respectively. In comparative terms among the plant strips, thyme and rosemary reduced soil loss by 78 and 73%, and runoff by 61 and 63%, respectively, with respect to sage. Significant differences (P<0.01) were found for both soil erosion and runoff values in sage and rosemary strips respect to thyme strip. The mean nut yield from NTSS, NTRS, and NTTS during the study period was 546.4, 658.8, and 829.6 kg ha -1 , and the essential oil yield from sage, rosemary, and thyme was 5.0, 5.1, and 7.1 l ha -1 , respectively. The nut yield from almond orchards without plant strips in the study zone is about 1,075 kg ha -1 , therefore, the production was reduced by plant strips probably due to the water competition. However, the thyme strips controlled the erosion and agricultural runoff and thus had a beneficial effect on the environment as well as a less negative impact on almond yields. In addition, the essential oils from herbs can offset the loss of profits from almond trees for farmers. Thus, this paper highlights the beneficial impact of cultivated plant strips in hilly areas by the association the soil-and water-conservation measures with production in traditional almond orchards.

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Section: Rainfall Characteristics and Soil-erosion And Runoff Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and Agronomic Benefits of Aromatic and Medicinal Plant Strips for Rainfed Almond Orchards in Semiarid Slopes (SE, Spain)

Zuazo¹,

Pleguezuelo²,

Raya³

et al. 2008

TOASJ

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“…The annual erosivity for the monitoring period using EI 30 ranged from 24.4 to 92.4 MJ mm ha −1 h −1 . This variability is particular to Mediterranean Europe, which is subject to strong spatial and temporal oscillations in weather (Aronica and Ferro, 1997;Renschler et al, 1999;Ramos, 2002), especially in rainfall erosivity, which is extremely important for risk assessment of soil erosion. Figure 3.…”

Section: Rainfall and Erosivity Parameters Related To Soil Loss And Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits of plant strips for sustainable mountain agriculture

Zuazo

Pleguezuelo

Martínez

et al. 2008

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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-Erosion degrades soil quality in agricultural ecosystems, thereby reducing the productivity of the land. Semi-natural vegetation and diverse cropping systems have been converted into monocultures with low tree densities, leaving the soil unprotected. We evaluated the association in soil-and water-conservation systems with production in traditional almond orchards and the beneficial impact of plant strips in mountainous agriculture. Soil loss, runoff and nutrient loss over a four-year period (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005) were monitored in hillside erosion plots with almond trees under different soil-management systems: (1) non-tillage with sage (Salvia lavandulifolia L. subspecies Oxyodon) strips 3 m wide; (2) non-tillage with rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) strips, (3) non-tillage with thyme (Thymus baeticus L. Boiss. exlacaita) strips, and (4) conventional tillage on the south flank of the Sierra Nevada (Lanjaron) in south-eastern Spain. Also, the nut yield from almond trees, and the biomass from aromatic-shrub strips were measured. The erosion plots, located on a 35% slope, were 144 m 2 in area. The plant-cover strips, 3 m wide, ran across the slope. Our results show that the most effective treatment proved to be non-tillage with thyme strips, reducing the annual soil loss by 93% and runoff by 80%, with respect to conventional tillage. Non-tillage with rosemary strips reduced soil loss by 91% and runoff by 82%, with respect to conventional tillage, while these percentages were 69% and 51%, respectively, for non-tillage with sage strips. In addition, all the treatments as a whole, in comparison with conventional tillage, revealed that the plant strips were the decisive factor in the reduction of NPK losses by surface runoff. The average nut yield from non-tillage with sage strips, non-tillage with rosemary strips, non-tillage with thyme strips and conventional tillage during the study period was 2.4, 3.2, 3.8 and 4.5 kg tree −1 , respectively, and the essential oil yield from sage, rosemary and thyme strips was 5.0, 8.7 and 10.8 L ha −1 , respectively. The non-tillage with thyme strips decreased nutrient loading in surface waters and thus had a positive impact on the environment while simultaneously maintaining reasonable almond-production levels. Thus, the combination of orchard trees with shrubs provided a viable option to conserve soil and water in hilly areas with opportunities to increase overall land productivity as well as sustainable agro-environmental measures.almond orchards / aromatic-shrub-cover strips / biomass production / hillslope erosion / mountainous agriculture / soil-management systems

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“…When there is lack of daily rainfall data, F index based on mean annual precipitation is used as a parameter to measure R to which it is linearly correlated. Later, different experiments (Ferro et al (1991(Ferro et al ( , 1999; Aronica and Ferro 1997) were conducted to modify F index and to correlate it with R. In addition, research works have been carried out to determine the effect of rainfall factor in the estimation of soil erosion by suggesting different climatic erosivity indexes (Wischmeier index 1959). Also, empirical equations of soil erosivity factor R as a function of mean annual precipitation P discussed in the succeeding sections were reported by Mikhailova et al (1997) and Torri et al (2006).…”

Section: Rainfall Erosivity Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil erosion, sediment yield and sedimentation of reservoir: a review

Dutta

2016

Model. Earth Syst. Environ.

130

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Sedimentation is an important parameter to assess the life of a reservoir. Seventy-eight years ago, Cook was the first to identify mathematically, the three major factors affecting soil erosion in the catchment of a reservoir. As sedimentation is dependent on sediment yield and sediment yield depends on soil erosion, it is required to predict all three parameters to estimate the life of a reservoir. Since then many researchers carried their research dealing with soil erosion, sediment yield and sedimentation in various reservoirs for its practical significance. The aim of this article is to present a comprehensive state-of-the-art review of the important investigations on soil erosion, sediment yield and sedimentation in various reservoirs highlighting the governing mathematical background of these problems. 198 references are included in this review paper.

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Rainfall erosivity over the Calabrian region

Cited by 46 publications

References 5 publications

Environmental and Agronomic Benefits of Aromatic and Medicinal Plant Strips for Rainfed Almond Orchards in Semiarid Slopes (SE, Spain)

Environmental and Agronomic Benefits of Aromatic and Medicinal Plant Strips for Rainfed Almond Orchards in Semiarid Slopes (SE, Spain)

Benefits of plant strips for sustainable mountain agriculture

Soil erosion, sediment yield and sedimentation of reservoir: a review

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