Rainfall interception from a lowland tropical rainforest in Brunei

Dykes, Alan P.

doi:10.1016/s0022-1694(97)00023-1

Cited by 134 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Also, rubber trees partially shed their leaves in pronounced dry periods, which further reduces transpiration by up to 70% explicitly in times of water scarcity. In addition to the much lower re-evaporation of water to the atmosphere, rainfall interception by rubber plantations is 1.7-fold lower than by oil palm plantations (28% of incident rainfall); our values for interception fall into the range of values reported for tropical forests in South East Asia (commonly 10-30%, e.g., Dykes 1997, Kumagai et al 2004, Dietz et al 2006). The differences in transpiration and interception can explain the lower baseflow from oil palm dominated catchments as compared to rubber dominated catchments that we observed.…”

Section: Environmental Perceptions Of Changes In the Local Water Cyclesupporting

confidence: 45%

Water scarcity and oil palm expansion: social views and environmental processes

Merten¹,

Röll²,

Guillaume³

et al. 2016

E&S

104

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ABSTRACT. Conversions of natural ecosystems, e.g., from rain forests to managed plantations, result in significant changes in the hydrological cycle including periodic water scarcity. In Indonesia, large areas of forest were lost and extensive oil palm plantations were established over the last decades. We conducted a combined social and environmental study in a region of recent land-use change, the Jambi Province on Sumatra. The objective was to derive complementary lines of arguments to provide balanced insights into environmental perceptions and eco-hydrological processes accompanying land-use change. Interviews with villagers highlighted concerns regarding decreasing water levels in wells during dry periods and increasing fluctuations in stream flow between rainy and dry periods. Periodic water scarcity was found to severely impact livelihoods, which increased social polarization. Sap flux measurements on forest trees and oil palms indicate that oil palm plantations use as much water as forests for transpiration. Eddy covariance analyses of evapotranspiration over oil palm point to substantial additional sources of evaporation in oil palm plantations such as the soil and epiphytes. Stream base flow from a catchment dominated by oil palms was lower than from a catchment dominated by rubber plantations; both showed high peaks after rainfall. An estimate of erosion indicated approximately 30 cm of topsoil loss after forest conversion to both oil palm and rubber plantations. Analyses of climatic variables over the last 20 years and of a standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index for the last century suggested that droughts are recurrent in the area, but have not increased in frequency or intensity. Consequently, we assume that conversions of rain forest ecosystems to oil palm plantations lead to a redistribution of precipitated water by runoff, which leads to the reported periodic water scarcity. Our combined social and environmental approach points to significant and thus far neglected eco-hydrological consequences of oil palm expansion.

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Section: Environmental Perceptions Of Changes In the Local Water Cyclesupporting

confidence: 45%

Water scarcity and oil palm expansion: social views and environmental processes

Merten¹,

Röll²,

Guillaume³

et al. 2016

E&S

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Therefore, producing stemflow with a greater amount in a more efficient manner might be an effective strategy to utilize precipitation by reducing the evaporation loss (Devitt and Smith, 2002;Li et al, 2009), acquire water (Murakami, 2009) and withstand drought (Martinez-Meza and Whitford, 1996). However, because stemflow occurs in a small amount, some studies neglected the dynamics of stemflow yield by setting a fixed percentage of incident precipitation in the range of 1-8 % (Dykes, 1997;Germer et al, 2006;Hagy et al, 2006) or even ignored stemflow while computing the water balance of terrestrial ecosystems (Llorens and Domingo, 2007;Zhang et al, 2016). That underestimated its disproportionately high influence on xerophytic shrub species (Andersson, 1991;Levia and Frost, 2003;.…”

Section: Yuan Et Al: Comparisons Of Stemflow and Its Bio-/abioticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of stemflow and its bio-/abiotic influential factors between two xerophytic shrub species

Yuan

Gao

2017

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Stemflow transports nutrient-enriched precipitation to the rhizosphere and functions as an efficient terrestrial flux in water-stressed ecosystems. However, its ecological significance has generally been underestimated because it is relatively limited in amount, and the biotic mechanisms that affect it have not been thoroughly studied at the leaf scale. This study was conducted during the 2014 and 2015 rainy seasons at the northern Loess Plateau of China. We measured the branch stemflow volume (SF b ), shrub stemflow equivalent water depth (SF d ), stemflow percentage of incident precipitation (SF %), stemflow productivity (SFP), funnelling ratio (FR), the meteorological characteristics and the plant traits of branches and leaves of C. korshinskii and S. psammophila. This study evaluated stemflow efficiency for the first time with the combined results of SFP and FR, and sought to determine the inter-and intra-specific differences of stemflow yield and efficiency between the two species, as well as the specific bio-/abiotic mechanisms that affected stemflow. The results indicated that C. korshinskii had a greater stemflow yield and efficiency at all precipitation levels than that of S. psammophila. The largest inter-specific difference generally occurred at the 5-10 mm branches during rains of ≤ 2 mm. Precipitation amount was the most influential meteorological characteristic that affected stemflow yield and efficiency in these two endemic shrub species. Branch angle was the most influential plant trait on FR. For SF b , stem biomass and leaf biomass were the most influential plant traits for C. korshinskii and S. psammophila, respectively. For SFP of these two shrub species, leaf traits (the individual leaf area) and branch traits (branch size and biomass allocation pattern) had a great influence during lighter rains ≤ 10 mm and heavier rains > 15 mm, respectively. The lower precipitation threshold to start stemflow allowed C. korshinskii (0.9 mm vs. 2.1 mm for S. psammophila) to employ more rains to harvest water via stemflow. The beneficial leaf traits (e.g., leaf shape, arrangement, area, amount) might partly explain the greater stemflow production of C. korshinskii. Comparison of SF b between the foliated and manually defoliated shrubs during the 2015 rainy season indicated that the newly exposed branch surface at the defoliated period and the resulting rainfall intercepting effects might be an important mechanism affecting stemflow in the dormant season.

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“…The original Gash model (Gash, 1979) demonstrated that the evaporation of the intercepted rainfall could be estimated from the forest structure, the mean evaporation, rainfall rates and rainfall pattern. Although the model has been used with some success over various forests (Leyton et al, 1967;Lloyd et al, 1988;Hutjes et al, 1990;Dykes, 1997;Valente et al, 1997;Aboal et al, 1999;Jackson, 2000;Price and CarlyleMoses, 2003), the model in less suited for application in the sparse forests (Lankreijer et al, 1993;Gash et al, 1995). The original Gash model tends in theory to overestimate the interception loss from sparse forests as it is assumed that the evaporation area (canopy and trunks) extends to the whole plot area, whereas the actual evaporating area is greatly reduced in these types of forests (Teklehaimonot and Jarvis, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and measurement of two-layer-canopy interception losses in a subtropical evergreen forest of central-south China

Zhang

Zeng

Jiang

et al. 2006

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract.The original Gash analytical model and the sparse Gash's model were combined to simulate rainfall interception losses from the top-and sub-canopy layers in Shaoshan evergreen forest located in central-south China in 2003. The total estimated interception loss from the two canopy layers was 334.1 mm with an overestimation of 39.8 mm or 13.5% of the total measured interception (294.3 mm). The simulated interception losses of the top-and sub-canopy suggested that the simulated interception losses in the stages of "during storms" and "after storms" were in good agreement with the published ones. Both the original Gash model and the sparse model overestimated the interception losses, but the sparse model gave more accurate estimates than the original Gash model.

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Rainfall interception from a lowland tropical rainforest in Brunei

Cited by 134 publications

References 20 publications

Water scarcity and oil palm expansion: social views and environmental processes

Water scarcity and oil palm expansion: social views and environmental processes

Comparisons of stemflow and its bio-/abiotic influential factors between two xerophytic shrub species

Modelling and measurement of two-layer-canopy interception losses in a subtropical evergreen forest of central-south China

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