Rainfall, Runoff, and Return

Gardner, W. R.

doi:10.1007/978-1-940033-58-7_9

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…It is not well understood why internal-plant stress is more closely related to minimum soil stress than to mean stress values for soil horizons or atmospheric variables. A possible explanation is found in results reported by Gardner (1965), who found that roots of birdsfoot trefoil had considerably less resistance to water movement than the surrounding mineral soil, thus permitting water to move through roots across zones of high resistance from the zone of lowest soil-moisture stress. Or, stated differently, water flow through the plant is easier than flow through the soil.…”

Section: Seasonal Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil-Moisture Stress as Related to Plant-Moisture Stress in Big Sagebrush

Branson¹,

Shown²

1975

Journal of Range Management

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Section: Seasonal Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil-Moisture Stress as Related to Plant-Moisture Stress in Big Sagebrush

Branson¹,

Shown²

1975

Journal of Range Management

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“…One might expect internal-plant stress to show an integration of soil-water stress, but this does not appear to be true. A possible explanation for the relationship is found in the work by Gardner (1965) who found that roots of birdsfoot trefoil had considerably less resistance to water movement than resistance in surrounding mineral soil, thus permitting water to move through roots across soil zones of high resistance from the zone of lowest soil-water stress. McQueen and Miller (1972) found that hydraulic equilibria may be maintained in soil masses by moisture transported through plant roots.…”

Section: Energy Relationships Of Plants and Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Relations in Soils as Related to Plant Communities in Ruby Valley, Nevada

Miller¹,

Branson²,

McQueen³

et al. 1982

Journal of Range Management

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Distinct patterns of vegetation on ancient lake sediments in Ruby Valley, Nev., define differences in soil-water-plant relations resulting either from differences in depth to ground water or from differences in water-retention capacities of soils deriving water only from precipitation. In order of increasing depth to ground water, dominant plant species are Juncus balticus, Distichlis stricta, Potentilla fruticosa, Elymus cinereus, Sarcobatus vermiculatus, and Chrysothamnusnauseosus. Dominant species on soils in order of increasing water-retention capacity are Artemesia tridentada nova, Chrysothamnus viscidiflorous pumilus, Ceratoides lanata, A rtemesia tridentada tridentada, A triplex nuttallii gardneri, and Atriplex confertifok Minimum and maximum levels of soil-water stress measured were systematically related to waterretention capacities of soils. A relationship was defined that permits approximation of amounts of water evapotranspired by different plant communities from percent of area under live plant cover. There are separate relationships, relating plant cover to amounts of plant stress or to amount of water evapotranspired, for habitats that receive water from the water table and those that do not. Levels of osmotic stress encountered in surface soils appear to influence plant-community distribution.

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“…Equation 7has general validity in all cases where S in equation 2, as well as dm/& in equation 3, vanishes simultaneously. It may appear noteworthy that equation 7or an equivalent dimensionless expression has apparently not been considered explicitly in recent texts and monographs J this statement can be confirmed by checking the following list of distinguished references: the textbooks entitled Physical Climatology by Sellers (1965) and by Landsberg (1958); pertinent monographs by Budyko (1958), Gardner (1965), Thornthwaite and Hare (1965), Landsberg (1957), and Linsley (1951). The author would appreciate any information on possible previous uses of this explicit form of equation 7.…”

Section: Estimate Of Annual Averages Of Evapotranspiration and Runoffmentioning

confidence: 83%

Evapotranspiration Climatonomy

Lettau¹

1969

Mon. Wea. Rev.

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The background and development of a theoretical method to solve the water balance equation for land areas is discussed. A forcing function is considered that is essentially determined by the product of absorbed solar energy multiplied by monthly precipitation; the response function is soil moisture in its month-to-month variations. A very simple parameterization is provided by one nondimensional surface characteristic named the "evaporivity" (which measures the fraction of absorbed insolation utilized during the month in the vaporization of concurrent precipitation) and a characteristic lag-time interval of the order of 2 to 3 mo to express "delayed" evapotranspiration and runoff. The solution is obtained by a closed integration of the water balance equation (rather than employment of regression or correlation methods) and yields a coherent set of data on monthly evapotranspiration, runoff, levels of exchangeable soil moisture, and storage changes. For verification, area averages for the central plains and eastern region of North America are calculated and compared with several years of actual data analyzed and evaluated by Rasmusson. In spite of simplifying tentative assumptions used in the model calculation, the-agreement between predicted and observed data is improved in comparison with results of the earlier prediction methods discussed by Rasmusson.

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Rainfall, Runoff, and Return

Cited by 4 publications

References 37 publications

Soil-Moisture Stress as Related to Plant-Moisture Stress in Big Sagebrush

Soil-Moisture Stress as Related to Plant-Moisture Stress in Big Sagebrush

Water Relations in Soils as Related to Plant Communities in Ruby Valley, Nevada

Evapotranspiration Climatonomy

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