Raised resting energy expenditure in Parkinson's disease and its relationship to muscle rigidity

Markus, H.S.; M, Cox; Tomkins, Andrew

doi:10.1042/cs0830199

Cited by 108 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Such mitochondrial derangements would cause excessive heat production, accounting for the appearance of hypermetabolism, while potentially causing an energy defi cit, leading to cellular degradation [31] . If this pathophysiological mechanism has also been suspected in other neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, as well as in tissue injury from strokes hypermetabolism was not necessarily found in these diseases [25,26,[32][33][34] . In fact, it could be interesting to defi ne what the possible metabolic mitochondrial derangements are within the subpopulation of hypermetabolic patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypermetabolism in ALS: Correlations with Clinical and Paraclinical Parameters

Desport¹,

Torny²,

Lacoste³

et al. 2005

Neurodegener Dis

216

162

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Despite a reduction in fat-free mass (FFM), a hypermetabolism has been reported with an average of 10% in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients as compared with a healthy population. The objectives of this study were to confirm the level of hypermetabolism determined by using indirect calorimetry in 168 patients with a probable or a definite ALS and to study correlations with survival. Consecutive evaluations of resting energy expenditure (REE) were performed from diagnosis to the proximity of death in 44 ALS patients. Differences with the calculated value determined a ΔREE. FFM was given by bioimpedance. At T₁, REE was significantly increased by an average of 14% as compared with the calculated value. 62.3% of ALS patients were considered as hypermetabolic. REE was correlated in univariate analysis with age, sex, clinical form at onset, presence of a denutrition, weight, FFM, phase angle and ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS). In multivariate analysis, REE was linked to age and FFM. ΔREE was correlated in univariate analysis with sex, phase angle and manual muscle testing (MMT). In multivariate analysis, age and sex remained significantly correlated. During progression of ALS, REE levels remained higher than calculated values with a trend to decrease at proximity of death, whereas FFM remained stable. From T₁, survival was linked to MMT, ALSFRS, vital capacity, REE and phase angle. We confirmed the existence of a stable hypermetabolic state in ALS which depends mainly on age, sex and FFM. REE is a prognostic factor for survival in univariate analysis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypermetabolism in ALS: Correlations with Clinical and Paraclinical Parameters

Desport¹,

Torny²,

Lacoste³

et al. 2005

Neurodegener Dis

216

162

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…PD patients exhibit lower body weight in comparison to age-matched subjects (Chen et al, 2003). The cause is unknown, and various mechanisms of reduced food intake (Kunig et al, 2000;Muller et al, 2001; reduced intestinal motility (McDonald et al, 2003) or increased energy expenditure due to increased involuntary movements (Markus et al, 1992) are proposed. Limited feeding experiments in our laboratory reveal no difference in food intake between ak and wt mice (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor deficits and altered striatal gene expression in aphakia (ak) mice

et al. 2007

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Like humans with Parkinsons disease (PD), the ak mouse lacks the majority of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and experiences striatal denervation. The purpose of this study was to test whether motor abnormalities in the ak mouse progress over time, and whether motor function could be associated with temporal alterations in the striatal transcriptome. Ak and wt mice (28 to 180 days old) were tested using paradigms sensitive to nigrostriatal dysfunction. Results were analyzed using a linear mixed model. Ak mice significantly underperformed wt controls in rotarod, balance beam, string test, pole test and cotton shred tests at all ages examined. Motor performance in ak mice remained constant over the first 6 months of life, with the exception of the cotton shred test, in which ak mice exhibited marginal decline in performance. Dorsal striatal semi-quantitative RT-PCR for 19 dopaminergic, cholinergic, glutaminergic and catabolic genes was performed in 1 and 6 month old groups of ak and wt mice. Preproenkephalin levels in ak mice were elevated in both age groups. Drd1, 3 and 4 levels declined over time, in contrast to increasing Drd2 expression. Additional findings included decreased Chrnα6 expression and elevated VGluT1 expression at both time points in ak mice, and elevated AchE expression in young ak mice only. Results confirm that motor ability does not decline significantly for the first 6 months of life in ak mice. Their striatal gene expression patterns are consistent with dopaminergic denervation, and change over time, despite relatively unaltered motor performance.

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“…Depression, which develops either as a reaction to the diagnosis of a chronic and progressive disease, or as a result of neurotransmitter deficiency in 25 -30% of patients (Richard et al, 1997), is often associated with reduced food intake. Furthermore, it has been suggested that the disease promotes underweightness by increasing basal metabolism, but the results of metabolic studies have not been univocal: basal metabolism measured by indirect calorimetry was increased in three studies (Levi et al, 1990;Broussolle et al, 1991;Markus et al, 1992), but not in a fourth (Toth et al, 1997), which actually found a reduction in daily energy consumption in PD patients as compared to healthy controls using the technique based on double labeled water ( 2 H 2 , 18 O). What is more, the majority of PD patients are elderly and physiological aging is associated with functional losses that promote undernutrition, such as the reduction in digestive secretions, in intestinal absorption and in protein synthesis and with other factors that reduce dietary intake, such as impairment of the senses of smell and taste, and of mastication due to loss of teeth and poorly functioning dental prostheses (Jensen et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is underweightness still a major problem in Parkinson's disease patients?

et al. 2003

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Objective: To evaluate the current rate of underweightness amongst Parkinson's disease (PD) patients at an Italian referral centre. Design: Epidemiological study on consecutive patients presenting for the first time in a 16-month period. Setting: Nutritional service of PD referral centre in Milan, Italy. Subjects: Three-hundred and sixty-four PD patients diagnosed according to CAPIT criteria. Methods: Anthropometric assessments: BMI and waist-to-hip ratio; evaluation of therapeutic physical activity (h=week). Results: Three-hundred and sixty-four patients were included (180 female, 184 male), mean (s.d.) age 65.9 (8.9) y, mean (s.d.) duration of PD 10.6 (5.3) y; 134 patients (37%) were overweight and 92 (25%) were obese; 11 (3%) were underweight; 127 (35%) had normal BMI. No important differences in BMI according to sex and smoking status were observed. There was highly significant inverse correlation between duration of disease and BMI (P < 0.001): mean (s.d.) duration of disease was 9.7 (4.7) y in overweight þ obese patients, 11.1 (5.5) y in patients with normal BMI and 14.1 (7.2) y in underweight patients (P ¼ 0.0059). The waist-to-hip ratio was a cardiovascular risk factor in 47.7% of men and 73.8% of women. Mean (s.d.) therapeutic physical activity was 1.07 (1.59) h=week in overweight and obese patients vs 1.61 (2.04) h=week in patients with normal BMI (50.5% increase; P ¼ 0.03). Conclusions: At present underweightness is uncommon in PD patients in Italy; this may be due to the increase in the prevalence of overweightness in the Italian population and to modern antiparkinsonian therapy. Sponsorship: Fondazione Grigioni per il Morbo di Parkinson.

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Raised resting energy expenditure in Parkinson's disease and its relationship to muscle rigidity

Cited by 108 publications

References 3 publications

Hypermetabolism in ALS: Correlations with Clinical and Paraclinical Parameters

Hypermetabolism in ALS: Correlations with Clinical and Paraclinical Parameters

Motor deficits and altered striatal gene expression in aphakia (ak) mice

Is underweightness still a major problem in Parkinson's disease patients?

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