One important class of organic compounds having many uses, especially in medical
chemistry, is benzothiophene and its derivatives. This review examines the biological activity of
benzothiophene derivatives and summarizes the synthetic methods used in their production. The
effectiveness of several synthetic pathways, such as cyclization techniques, functional group modifications,
and reactions catalyzed by transition metals, in gaining access to benzothiophene scaffolds
has been examined. Additionally, a broad spectrum of therapeutic domains, such as antiinflammatory,
antibacterial, antidiabetic, anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-leishmanial, antifungal,
antimalarial, and antitubercular activities, are covered by the pharmacological activities that are
being explored. The synthesis and pharmacological potential of benzothiophene derivatives are
well-explained in this thorough review, which opens up new options for medicinal chemistry and
drug discovery study. Overall, this study is a useful resource for scientists working on drug development
and discovery as it sheds light on the pharmacological potential of benzothiophene derivatives.
This review includes the synthesis and bioactivities of the years 2002-2024. The goal of this
review is to compile the existing information on benzothiophene derivatives and provide guidance
for future research and development as well as insights into their possible medicinal uses.