Raman microspectroscopic analysis of the tissue-specific composition of the human osteochondral junction in osteoarthritis: A pilot study

S, Das Gupta; Finnilä, Mikko A. J.; Karhula, Sakari S.; Kauppinen, Sami; Kröger, Heikki; Korhonen, Rami K.; Thambyah, Ashvin; Rieppo, Lassi; Saarakkala, Simo

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2020.02.020

Cited by 39 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In contrast, here, we report greater mineral crystal thickness in calcified cartilage compared to subchondral bone. This finding is aligned with our previous investigation of the human osteochondral junction by using Raman microspectroscopy, where a higher degree of mineralization and more stoichiometric perfect crystal lattice was found in the calcified cartilage compared to the subchondral bone plate (15). Accordingly, we propose that the thicker mineral crystal might be related to the fewer non-stoichiometric substitutions of carbonate for phosphate ions in the crystal lattice of calcified cartilage compared to the bone.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…4 ). This could not be observed in our previous Raman study (15) and to our knowledge, this has not been reported before in the literature. This may indicate that during the tidemark advancement the mineral crystals have greater thickness after deposition, and they re-structure to thinner plates with maturation.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…Calcified cartilage resembles both tissues by consisting of a cartilage-like organic matrix with proteoglycans embedded in a type II collagen network, which is mineralized as the bone tissue (13, 14) . Although calcified cartilage has been reported to have a higher degree of mineralization than subchondral bone (15) , the hardness and stiffness of the tissue are between those of subchondral bone and articular cartilage (16, 17) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mineral crystal thickness in calcified cartilage and subchondral bone in healthy and osteoarthritic knees

Finnilä

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease globally. In OA, articular cartilage degradation is often accompanied with sclerosis of the subchondral bone. However, the association between OA and tissue mineralization at the nanostructural level is currently not understood. Especially, it is technically challenging to identify calcified cartilage, where relevant but poorly understood pathological processes like tidemark multiplication and advancement occur. Here, we used state-of-the art micro-focus small-angle X-ray scattering with high 5μm spatial resolution to determine mineral crystal thickness in human subchondral bone and calcified cartilage. Specimens with a wide spectrum of OA severities were acquired from the medial and lateral compartments of medial compartment knee OA patients (n=15) and cadaver knees (n=10). For the first time, we identified a well-defined layer of calcified cartilage associated with pathological tidemark multiplication, containing 0.32nm thicker crystals compared to the rest of calcified cartilage. In addition, we found 0.2nm thicker mineral crystals in both tissues of the lateral compartment in OA compared with healthy knees, indicating a loading-related disease process since the lateral compartment is typically less loaded in medial compartment knee OA. Furthermore, the crystal thickness of the subchondral bone was lower with increasing histopathological OA severity. In summary, we report novel changes in mineral crystal thickness during OA. Our data suggest that unloading in the knee is associated with the growth of mineral crystals, which is especially evident in the calcified cartilage. In the subchondral bone, mineral crystals become thinner with increasing OA severity, which indicates new bone formation with sclerosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mineral crystal thickness in calcified cartilage and subchondral bone in healthy and osteoarthritic knees

Finnilä

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The development of OA can be distinguished by observing changes in subchondral bone composition [ 122 ]. Das Gupta [ 123 ] investigated subchondral bone and changes of calcified cartilage-specific biochemical composition in OA with NIR–Raman spectroscopy technology. K -means clustering analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) showed that calcified knees (CCs) were more mineralized than the subchondral bone plate (SBP), and that the mineral had a higher crystallinity.…”

Section: Raman Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As shown in Figure 3 , OA can be diagnosed and analyzed by observing changes in the articular cartilage with Raman spectroscopy. The main components of articular cartilage are GAG and collagen [ 123 ], and changes in them can be used as indicators for the early diagnosis of OA. Mason et al [ 125 ] used Raman multivariate curve resolution (MCR) to analyze the cartilage surface, and their results showed that Raman MCR could accurately quantify the cartilage subcomponent distribution on the entire surface, with a depth of up to 0.5 mm.…”

Section: Raman Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrational Spectroscopy in Assessment of Early Osteoarthritis—A Narrative Review

Chen

Zhao

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease, and there is currently no effective medicine to cure it. Early prevention and treatment can effectively reduce the pain of OA patients and save costs. Therefore, it is necessary to diagnose OA at an early stage. There are various diagnostic methods for OA, but the methods applied to early diagnosis are limited. Ordinary optical diagnosis is confined to the surface, while laboratory tests, such as rheumatoid factor inspection and physical arthritis checks, are too trivial or time-consuming. Evidently, there is an urgent need to develop a rapid nondestructive detection method for the early diagnosis of OA. Vibrational spectroscopy is a rapid and nondestructive technique that has attracted much attention. In this review, near-infrared (NIR), infrared, (IR) and Raman spectroscopy were introduced to show their potential in early OA diagnosis. The basic principles were discussed first, and then the research progress to date was discussed, as well as its limitations and the direction of development. Finally, all methods were compared, and vibrational spectroscopy was demonstrated that it could be used as a promising tool for early OA diagnosis. This review provides theoretical support for the application and development of vibrational spectroscopy technology in OA diagnosis, providing a new strategy for the nondestructive and rapid diagnosis of arthritis and promoting the development and clinical application of a component-based molecular spectrum detection technology.

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A One‐Stone‐Two‐Birds Strategy for Osteochondral Regeneration Based on a 3D Printable Biomimetic Scaffold with Kartogenin Biochemical Stimuli Gradient

Wei

Liu

Kang

et al. 2023

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Osteochondral defect (OCD) regeneration remains challenging because of the hierarchy of the native tissue including both the articular cartilage and the subchondral bone. Constructing an osteochondral scaffold with biomimetic composition, structure, and biological functionality is the key to achieve its high-quality repair. In the present study, an injectable and 3D printable bilayered osteochondral hydrogel based on compositional gradient of methacrylated sodium alginate, gelatin methacryloyl, and 𝜷-tricalcium phosphate (𝜷-TCP), as well as the biochemical gradient of kartogenin (KGN) in the two well-integrated zones of chondral layer hydrogel (CLH) and osseous layer hydrogel (OLH) is developed. In vitro and subcutaneous in vivo evaluations reveal that apart from the chondrogenesis of the embedded bone mesenchymal stem cells induced by CLH with a high concentration of KGN, a low concentration of KGN with 𝜷-TCP in the OLH synergistically achieves superior osteogenic differentiation by endochondral ossification, instead of the intramembranous ossification using OLH with only 𝜷-TCP. The biomimetic construct leveraging KGN as the only biochemical inducer can facilitate cartilage and subchondral bone restoration in the in vivo osteochondral defect. This one-stone-two-birds strategy opens up a new facile approach for OCD regeneration by exploiting the biological functions of the bioactive drug molecule KGN.

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Raman microspectroscopic analysis of the tissue-specific composition of the human osteochondral junction in osteoarthritis: A pilot study

Cited by 39 publications

References 47 publications

Mineral crystal thickness in calcified cartilage and subchondral bone in healthy and osteoarthritic knees

Mineral crystal thickness in calcified cartilage and subchondral bone in healthy and osteoarthritic knees

Vibrational Spectroscopy in Assessment of Early Osteoarthritis—A Narrative Review

A One‐Stone‐Two‐Birds Strategy for Osteochondral Regeneration Based on a 3D Printable Biomimetic Scaffold with Kartogenin Biochemical Stimuli Gradient

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