Raman Spectra of Possible Corrosion Products of Iron

Thibeau, Richard J.; Brown, Chris W.; Heidersbach, Robert H.

doi:10.1366/000370278774330739

Cited by 322 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Raman spectra were collected using a 509 microscope objective with a 5-mW, 514.5-nm laser excitation. The Raman shift at 553 corresponds to Cr 2 O 3 , and the Raman shift at $680 corresponds to spinel (Ref 13,14 The standard change of reaction in Gibbs free energy (DG°) for the following three competitive reactions were obtained from references (Ref 16,17 At the equilibrium, the equilibrium constant (K) for each reaction can be calculated from the following equation:…”

Section: Stabilities Of Spinel and Cr 2 Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Element Diffusion Through Metallic Networks During Oxidation of Type 321 Stainless Steel

Zeng

Natesan

Cai

et al. 2014

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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A detailed study was conducted on localized oxidation on Type 321 stainless steel (321ss) using synchrotron x-ray nanobeam analysis along with Raman microscopy. The results showed the presence of metallic nanonetworks in the oxide scales, which plays an important role in the continued oxidation of the alloy at 750°C. A mechanism is proposed to explain the rapid oxidation of 321ss in complex gaseous environments at elevated temperature. Neutral metal atoms could diffuse outward, and carbon atoms could diffuse inward through the metallic nanonetworks in oxide layers. Alternately, diffusion tunnels can dramatically affect the phase composition of the oxide scales. Since the diffusion rate of neutral metal and carbon atoms through the metallic nanonetworks can be much faster than the diffusion of cations through Cr 2 O 3 , the metallic nanonetwork provides a path through the protective Cr 2 O 3 layer for the rapid outward diffusion of metallic chromium and iron atoms to the nonprotective spinel layer. This diffusion process affects the solidstate reaction near the alloy-oxide boundary, and a dense Cr 2 O 3 protective layer does not form. The classic stable structure of the oxide scales, with a dense Cr 2 O 3 layer at the bottom, is damaged by the rapid diffusion through the tunnel at the reaction front, resulting in locally accelerated oxidation. This process can subsequently lead to ''breakaway'' oxidation and catastrophic failure of the alloy.

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Section: Stabilities Of Spinel and Cr 2 Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Element Diffusion Through Metallic Networks During Oxidation of Type 321 Stainless Steel

Zeng

Natesan

Cai

et al. 2014

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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“…FeII-O appeared in the spectra of the three samples at different intensities (10.7, 8. (Oh et al1998) , [14] . In addition vibration modes at 215 and 258 cm -1 are recorded which attributed to hematite according to (Thibeau et al a 1978, De Faria al. a 1997, [10,11].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In addition vibration modes at 215 and 258 cm -1 are recorded which attributed to hematite according to (Thibeau et al a 1978, De Faria al. a 1997, [10,11]. Other vibration modes were observed at 448 cm -1 and assigned to dialkyl disulfide, 579 cm -1 and assigned to alkyl disulfide, 773 cm -1 and assigned to aliphatic fluoen according to [6,7,8,9].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Usage of laser raman spectroscopy to indentify the unstable compounds of iron oxides

Almuslet¹,

Ahmed²,

Hassen³

2017

Int j curr adv res

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“…11a.) which was previously assigned to the collective spin movement (two-magnon scattering) which is very sensitive to temperature (Thibeau, 1978). The condition of the Raman acquisition was maintained such as to minimize any heating effect, which is known to shift peak positions as well as to cause peak broadening.…”

Section: Sem-edx and Micro-raman Data Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution dielectric characterization of minerals: A step towards understanding the basic interactions between microwaves and rocks

Monti

Tselev

Udoudo

et al. 2016

International Journal of Mineral Processing

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Microwave energy was demonstrated to be potentially beneficial for reducing the cost of several steps of the mining process. Significant literature was developed about this topic but few studies are focused on understanding the interaction between microwaves and minerals at a fundamental level in order to elucidate the underlying physical processes that control the observed phenomena. This is ascribed to the complexity of such phenomena, related to chemical and physical transformations, where electrical, thermal and mechanical forces play concurrent roles. In this work a new characterization method for the dielectric properties of mineral samples at microwave frequencies is presented. The method is based upon the scanning microwave microscopy technique that enables measurement of the dielectric constant, loss factor and conductivity with extremely high spatial resolution and accuracy. As opposed to conventional dielectric techniques, the scanning microwave microscope can then access and measure the dielectric properties of micrometric-sized mineral inclusions within a complex structure of natural rock. In this work two micrometric hematite inclusions were characterized at a microwave frequency of 3 GHz. Scanning electron microscopy/energydispersive x-ray spectroscopy and confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy were used to determine the structural details and chemical and elemental composition of mineral sample on similar scale.

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Raman Spectra of Possible Corrosion Products of Iron

Cited by 322 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of Element Diffusion Through Metallic Networks During Oxidation of Type 321 Stainless Steel

Effect of Element Diffusion Through Metallic Networks During Oxidation of Type 321 Stainless Steel

Usage of laser raman spectroscopy to indentify the unstable compounds of iron oxides

High-resolution dielectric characterization of minerals: A step towards understanding the basic interactions between microwaves and rocks

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