Raman Spectroscopic Detection for Simulants of Chemical Warfare Agents Using a Spatial Heterodyne Spectrometer

Guangxiao, Hu; Xiong, Wei; Luo, Hongzhi; Shi, Hanqing; Li, Zhiwei; Shen, Jing; Fang, Xuejing; Xu, Biao; Zhang, Jicheng

doi:10.1177/0003702817719453

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The field‐widened SHRS is based on a stationary diffraction grating interferometer where selected prisms have been placed in the arms of the device. In our present work, the groove density of the diffraction gratings was 150 groove/mm, which is the same as the groove density of gratings used by Hu et al and Foster et al However, it requires lower laser powers and shorter integration times than those used by Hu et al and Foster et al The fundamental principles of field‐widened SHRS are provided in Section . Then, the calibration results are reported in Section .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…However, the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) of the SHRS is limited by the poor fringe visibility, and sample degradation is often observed when the laser is more tightly focused. Although Hu et al have shown that the SHRS has the ability to obtain Raman spectra of targets in containers, chemical warfare agents, and for simulant analysis, which suffer from a serious fluorescence background, the SNR is not high so a long integration time and a larger laser power are usually needed. Foster et al developed an SHRS that was designed to be fiber coupled for transmission‐Raman observations to test paracetamol tablet samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 51%

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Raman measurements using a field‐widened spatial heterodyne Raman spectrometer

Qiu

et al. 2019

J Raman Spectroscopy

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Spatial heterodyne Raman spectroscopy has become a useful spectroscopic detection technique that is particularly suitable for Raman measurements. This method uses the Fourier transform of the interferogram imaged on the detector by stationary diffraction gratings. Spatial heterodyne Raman spectroscopy has the same characteristic of conventional Fourier‐transform spectroscopy, which is that the field of view is limited. We propose a two‐dimensional spatial heterodyne Raman spectrometer (SHRS) that uses a field widening prism to effectively increase the throughput or sensitivity without sacrificing the spectral resolution for Raman measurements while broadening the bandpass. The signal‐to‐noise ratio is measured under different integrations or laser powers and shows that the system exhibits good stability and fair repeatability. Raman spectra obtained from the field‐widened SHRS and a commercialized Raman instrument are compared, and the field‐widened SHRS and the SHRS using the same instrumental parameters without field widening are also compared. A higher signal‐to‐noise ratio can be achieved using the field‐widened SHRS. In our measurements, the field‐widened SHRS can be operated under the slightly more complex conditions required for wide‐field measurements with short integration times and low laser power. Raman spectra of a pure inorganic target or a target contained in glass and a plastic bottle are observed. A sulfate is investigated in two states: solid salt and aqueous solution. Several mixture liquids, mixture solids, minerals, and anti‐Stokes Raman shifts are also investigated. The results show that the field‐widened SHRS exhibits a good performance to successfully perform wide‐field Raman measurements.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Raman measurements using a field‐widened spatial heterodyne Raman spectrometer

Qiu

et al. 2019

J Raman Spectroscopy

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“…In addition, the large light gathering capability (etendue) and potential for transformative levels of miniaturisation make SHS designs well suited to portable Raman spectroscopy. 6 As a result, academic groups, [7][8][9][10] space agencies 11 and companies 12 are pushing the performance boundaries of both GS and SHS instruments. Despite the growing interest, in the context of Raman spectroscopy, the literature shows a picture of a comparative performance analysis between these two competing technologies which is limited to a very few experimental works.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grating Spectrometry and Spatial Heterodyne Fourier Transform Spectrometry: Comparative Noise Analysis for Raman Measurements

et al. 2020

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The desire for portable Raman spectrometers is continuously driving the development of novel spectrometer architectures where miniaturisation can be achieved without the penalty of a poorer detection performance. Spatial heterodyne spectrometers are emerging as potential candidates for challenging the dominance of traditional grating spectrometers, thanks to their larger etendue and greater potential for miniaturisation. This paper provides a generic analytical model for estimating and comparing the detection performance of Raman spectrometers based on grating spectrometer and spatial heterodyne spectrometer designs by deriving the analytical expressions for the performance estimator (signal-to-noise ratio, SNR) for both types of spectrometers. The analysis shows that, depending on the spectral characteristics of the Raman light and on the values of some instrument-specific parameters, the ratio of the SNR estimates for the two spectrometers ([Formula: see text]) can vary as much as by two orders of magnitude. Limit cases of these equations are presented for a subset of spectral regimes which are of practical importance in real-life applications of Raman spectroscopy. In particular, under the experimental conditions where the background signal is comparable or larger than the target Raman line and shot noise is the dominant noise contribution, the value of [Formula: see text] is, to a first order of approximation, dependent solely on the relative values of each spectrometer’s etendue and on the number of row pixels in the detector array. For typical values of the key instrument-specific parameters (e.g., etendue, number of pixels, spectral bandwidth), the analysis shows that spatial heterodyne spectrometer-based Raman spectrometers have the potential to compete with compact grating spectrometer designs for delivering in a much smaller footprint (10–30 times) levels of detection performance that are approximately only five to ten times poorer.

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“…These devices are intended to offer a portable and low-power solution for real-time detection of small molecule chemical threats in indoor and outdoor environments. Past efforts to detect such threats have applied a variety of techniques, including Raman and IR spectroscopy [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ], gas or liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ], classic wet chemical assays [ 10 , 11 ], and others. For many of these methods, samples are collected at the point of interest and sent to central laboratories for processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Colorimetric Sensor for Autonomous, Networked, Real-Time Application

Johnson¹,

Malanoski²,

Erickson³

2020

Sensors

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This review describes an ongoing effort intended to develop wireless sensor networks for real-time monitoring of airborne targets across a broad area. The goal is to apply the spectrophotometric characteristics of porphyrins and metalloporphyrins in a colorimetric array for detection and discrimination of changes in the chemical composition of environmental air samples. The work includes hardware, software, and firmware design as well as development of algorithms for identification of event occurrence and discrimination of targets. Here, we describe the prototype devices and algorithms related to this effort as well as work directed at selection of indicator arrays for use with the system. Finally, we review the field trials completed with the prototype devices and discuss the outlook for further development.

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Raman Spectroscopic Detection for Simulants of Chemical Warfare Agents Using a Spatial Heterodyne Spectrometer

Cited by 27 publications

References 18 publications

Raman measurements using a field‐widened spatial heterodyne Raman spectrometer

Raman measurements using a field‐widened spatial heterodyne Raman spectrometer

Grating Spectrometry and Spatial Heterodyne Fourier Transform Spectrometry: Comparative Noise Analysis for Raman Measurements

Development of a Colorimetric Sensor for Autonomous, Networked, Real-Time Application

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