Raman spectroscopy, an ideal tool for studying the physical properties and applications of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)

Abstract

This review discusses Raman spectroscopic investigations of metal–organic framework (MOF) materials to understand the structural transitions, defects, guest adsorption, and catalytic reactions during various environmental and energy applications.

Direct Synthesis of Mixed-Metal Paddle-Wheel Metal–Organic Frameworks with Controlled Metal Ratios under Ambient Conditions

“…To confirm the incorporation of different metals in the SBUs of MM-MBDs, we performed Raman and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, which are commonly used techniques to analyze metal–ligand stretch vibrations in MOF crystals. , The spectra obtained from these analyses exhibit characteristic vibrational frequencies that depend on the metal center of the MBDs, making them useful for investigating metal mixing (Figure S14). The differences in vibrational frequencies mainly arise from the specific interactions between the ligands and the metal ions incorporated in the SBUs. ,, Considering that the SBU consists of two different ligands, we complementarily utilized Raman and IR analyses to probe the DABCO and BDC ligands (Figure A).…”

Recent Advances in Electrochemical CO2‐to‐Multicarbon Conversion: From Fundamentals to Industrialization

“…In a typical Raman equipment, the monochromatic laser beam is precisely focused onto the sample through an objective. [ 186 ] The scattered light from the sample is then collected via the scattering mode. The filter within the beam path is used to reject the Rayleigh light and transmit stokes/anti‐stokes Raman scattered light, which is thereafter focused onto a prism or grating through a slit and detected by the computer terminal, as shown in Figure 12b.…”

Smart Stimulation Response of a Pyrene-Based Lanthanide(III) MOF: Fluorescence Enhancement to HX (F and Cl) or R-COOH and Artificial Applicable Film on HCl Vapor Sensing

“…Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are known for their highly tunable diverse structures and pore surfaces, which are excellent platforms for constructing multifunctional hybrid porous materials. − MOFs play an important role in numerous applications, such as gas storage, separation, photocatalysis, photoactuation, and molecular sensing. − The multiple functions of MOFs can be designed and tailored by the combination of the intrinsic nature of organic ligands and metal centers; thus, designing ligands is a key factor. − Pyrene and its derivatives have been the theme of an increasing number of scientific investigations . It is well known that pyrene derivatives have excellent emission properties and long excited-state lifetime, and they have been one of the most investigated chromophore molecules and excellent candidates for OLED applications. − Moreover, pyrene molecules can also exhibit excimer emission at longer wavelengths (ranging from 425 to 550 nm) due to an electronically excited pyrene molecule interacting with another pyrene molecule in the ground state .…”