Raman spectroscopy and correlative‐Raman technology excel as an optimal stage for carbon‐based electrode materials in electrochemical energy storage

Abstract

The structural details of carbon materials directly affect their properties as an electrode material, such as specific capacitance and coulomb efficiency. Therefore, the structural analysis of carbon materials has always been an important step in the mechanistic insight into their roles in electrochemical energy storage. Raman spectroscopy, as molecular spectroscopy technique, has been widely used in understanding the lattice vibration mechanics of carbon materials and providing information on the chemical structure at molecular level, as well as microstructure analysis of carbon materials. In addition, the development of correlative-Raman technology enables clarifying more comprehensive and accurate structural information for carbon-based materials. With this information, it is of great significance to guide the construction of advanced carbon-based electrode materials for energy storage.

N‐Doped Carbon‐Coated Mixed‐Phase SnS–SnS2 Anode with Carbon Nanofibers Skeleton for Improving Dual‐Ion Battery in Concentrated Electrolyte

“…Generally, the higher I D / I G value means the increasing defect of the graphite. [ 53,54 ] Consequently, the changes in the I D / I G also confirm the intercalation and deintercalation of Li + .…”

Tailored p‐Orbital Delocalization by Diatomic Pt‐Ce Induced Interlayer Spacing Engineering for Highly‐Efficient Ammonia Electrosynthesis

“…Except for the two peaks at about 1352.0 and 1590.5 cm −1 assigned to the D‐peak and G‐peak of carbon cloth, the peaks at 1152.5 and 1521.4 cm −1 gradually appeared on Pt 0.9 /Ce 0.5 ‐SS as the reaction progressed, which could be attributed to the stretching of H‐N‐H and N‐H bond, respectively. [ 52,53 ] This indicates the efficient nitrate reduction to ammonia on the Pt 0.9 /Ce 0.5 ‐SS electrode. More directly, the gradually enhanced peak intensity of H‐N‐H and N‐H peaks in contour plots in Figure 5b,c provides strong evidence of increased intermediates.…”

Single‐Atom Cadmium‐N4 Sites for Rechargeable Li–CO2 Batteries with High Capacity and Ultra‐Long Lifetime

“…Raman spectra (Figure S5, Supporting Information) presented two bands centered at ≈1357 cm −1 (disordered defects) and 1589 cm −1 (graphitic carbon bonds) corresponding to the D and G bands, respectively. [ 27 ] Upon increasing calcination temperature from 500 to 600 and 700 °C, the D‐to‐G band intensity ratio ( I D / I G ) first remained nearly unchanged at ≈1.29 and then decreased markedly to 0.97. Wide‐survey X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) (Figure S6, Supporting Information) showed the presence of Cd, C, N, and O without other elements, excluding the introduction of contaminants in the as‐prepared materials.…”