Raman Spectroscopy Evaluation of Polyvinylchloride Structure

Prokhorov, K. A.; Aleksandrova, D A; Sagitova, E.A.; Nikolaeva, G. Yu.; Vlasova, T. V.; Пашинин, П. П.; Jones, Carys; Shilton, Simon

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/691/1/012001

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Other important bands can be observed at 363, 615, 1430, and 2935 cm À1 . 118,119 As mentioned before (see Raman Analysis of Plastics with Additives section), PVC is one of the polymers most commonly produced with additives; thus, this should be considered when unknown peaks are identified in spectra of this polymer.…”

Section: Band Assignment In the Raman Spectra Of Most Common Plastic Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman Spectroscopy for the Analysis of Microplastics in Aquatic Systems

2021

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Raman spectroscopy is gaining ground in the analysis of microplastics, especially due to its high spatial resolution that allows the investigation of small plastic particles, whose numeric abundance is argued to be particularly relevant in aquatic systems. Here, we aimed at outlining the status of Raman analysis of microplastics from aquatic systems, highlighting the advantages and the drawbacks of this technique and critically presenting tools and ways to effectively employ this instrument and to improve the spectra obtained and their interpretation. In particular, we summarized procedural information for the use of Raman spectroscopy, and we discussed issues linked to fluorescence interference and the analysis of weathered polymers, which may complicate the interpretation of Raman signatures. In this context, a deep understanding of the different plastic polymers and their Raman peaks and chemical fingerprints is fundamental to avoid misidentification. Therefore, we provided a catalog with detailed information about peaks of most common plastic polymers, and this represents, to the best of our knowledge, the first comprehensive resource that systematically synthesized plastic Raman peaks. Additionally, we focused on plastic additives, which are contained in the majority of plastics. These compounds are often intense in Raman scattering and may partly or completely overlie the actual material types, resulting in the identification of additives alone or misidentification issue. For these reasons, we also presented a new R package “RamanMP” that includes a database of 356 spectra (325 of which are additives). This will help to foster the use of this technique, which is becoming especially relevant in microplastic analysis.

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Section: Band Assignment In the Raman Spectra Of Most Common Plastic Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman Spectroscopy for the Analysis of Microplastics in Aquatic Systems

2021

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“…The spectral lines were correlated with reported literature for the identification of materials present in each sample 29 – 37 Raman spectrum of leachates from samples is plotted and analyzed for the identification and characterization of the microparticles. Distilled water dried on a clean silicon wafer is used as control.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Label-free detection and characterization of secondary microplastics from tea bags

Vijay,

Mohandas,

Dutta-Gupta

et al. 2024

Opt. Eng.

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Microplastics impose a major threat to the environment and biota. Reported release of secondary microplastics from tea bags while brewing tea results in their direct ingestion into the human body. The results reported here indicate the presence of variety of plastic materials and point to further need for investigations on the presence of micro-and nanoplastics from plastic packaging materials. In this work, the presence of microplastics from tea bags diffused into boiled water is explored using a multimodal approach comprising of digital holographic microscopy (DHM) and micro-Raman spectroscopy. The leachates derived from the tea bag into water while brewing was analyzed using DHM and micro-Raman spectroscopy, which helped in the detection, characterization, and identification of the detected microplastics. A systematic analysis of 11 teabag samples indicates the presence of plastic materials such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, nylon, etc. in a variety of shapes within micrometer sizes. The morphology, size, concentration, and chemical structure of the microparticles are characterized using nondestructive techniques with minimum sample preparation. The imaging results are complemented and validated using scanning electron microscopy. DHM and micro-Raman spectroscopy are sufficient for the detection and identification of secondary microplastics demanding only a very small volume of samples.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, Figure 3a shows the Raman spectrum of the commercial PVC powder in the form of grains. The main Raman lines of the PVC grains as well as their assignment are shown in Table 1 [22][23][24][25]. In contrast with the Raman spectrum of PVC grains, in the case of the Raman spectrum of PVC spheres, the following changes are reported: (i) a down-shift of the Raman lines from 360, 638, 1102, 1334, 2916, and 2976 cm −1 to 357, 633, 1092, 1323, 2912, and 2971 cm −1 , respectively; (ii) an up-shift of the Raman line from 1403 cm −1 to 1426 cm −1 .…”

Section: Vibrational Properties Of Pvc Spheres and Their Composites With Go Sheetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Spheres Coated with Graphene Oxide Sheets: From Synthesis to Optical Properties and Their Applications as Flame-Retardant Agents

et al. 2021

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A new method to obtain poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) spheres, which consists of an interaction between commercial PVC grains and hexyl ethyl cellulose and lauroyl peroxide at a temperature of 60 °C, is reported. The addition of the graphene oxide (GO) sheets dispersed in dimethylformamide to the reaction mixture leads to the generation of composites made of PVC spheres coated with GO sheets. Scanning electron microscopy studies have demonstrated that this method allows for the transformation of PVC grains with sizes between 75 and 227 μm into spheres with sizes varying from 0.7 to 3.5 μm when the GO concentration in the PVC/GO composite mass increases from 0.5 to 5 wt.%. Our studies of Raman scattering and FTIR spectroscopy highlight a series of changes that indicate the appearance of ClCH=CH–, CH2=CCl–, and/or –CH=CCl– units as a result of PVC partial dehydrogenation. New –COO– and C–OH bonds on the GO sheet surfaces are induced during the preparation of PVC spheres coated with GO sheets. A photoluminescence (PL) band with a maximum at 325 nm is reported to characterize the PVC spheres. A PVC PL quenching process is demonstrated to be induced by the increase in the concentration of the GO sheets in the PVC/GO composite mass. The perspectives regarding the use of this composite as a flame-retardant material are also reported.

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Raman Spectroscopy Evaluation of Polyvinylchloride Structure

Cited by 18 publications

References 27 publications

Raman Spectroscopy for the Analysis of Microplastics in Aquatic Systems

Raman Spectroscopy for the Analysis of Microplastics in Aquatic Systems

Label-free detection and characterization of secondary microplastics from tea bags

Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Spheres Coated with Graphene Oxide Sheets: From Synthesis to Optical Properties and Their Applications as Flame-Retardant Agents

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