SERS is a rapid and sensitive technique that requires minimum sample preparation for testing. SERS has gained much attention in recent years due to its high sensitivity, which can potentially reach the ppb level. Coupled with novel nanomaterials, SERS provides greatly enhanced Raman signals from analyte molecules that have been adsorbed onto the surface on an appropriate SERS‐active substrate. SERS is being increasingly used in detecting chemical adulterants and contaminants in foods, food ingredients, and animal feed. This chapter provides an overview on current efforts to use SERS to detect and measure melamine and its analogues, veterinary drugs, and pesticides in model systems or real food products.