Raman spectroscopy study of the process of polymerization of polyacrylamide gel

Golubeva, N. G.; Velikanov, A. O.

doi:10.1007/bf00664697

“…There were no details of the nature of the polymer phase reported in the above mentioned study. Polymer obtained by chemical methods (using ammonium persulfate as reaction initiator and tetramethyl‐ethylenediamine as a catalyst) with crosslinker was found to be a gel and the one without the crosslinker was a solid linear polymer. The polyacrylamide retrieved through pressure‐induced polymerization is found to be a solid polymer rather than a gel as it is an addition polymerization.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polymerization of acrylamide (C 3 H 5 NO) by chemical methods, shear deformation, x‐ray irradiation and shock wave loading, etc, have been reported in the literature . Solid‐state polymerization under x‐ray irradiation are reported to be brought about by the absorption of radiation and generation of free radicals which react further to form polymer .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the resultant polymer can have new properties which are not accessible through synthesis under ambient conditions. Polymerization of acrylamide (C 3 H 5 NO) by chemical methods, [10][11][12] shear deformation, x-ray irradiation and shock wave loading, etc, have been reported in the literature. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Solid-state polymerization under x-ray irradiation are reported to be brought about by the absorption of radiation and generation of free radicals which react further to form polymer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hydrogen bonds and polymerization in acrylamide under pressure

Sharma

¹

,

Murli

²

,

Sharma

³

2013

J Raman Spectroscopy

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Acrylamide (C3H5NO), a hydrogen‐bonded amide, is an important compound from the point of view of basic and material research. It can be used as a model system for studying hydrogen bonding interactions in amides under pressure. As it is a monomer of polyacrylamide, an important polymer, high pressure investigation of polymerization in this material is also of interest. Our in‐situ high pressure Raman spectroscopic investigations of acrylamide carried out up to 17 GPa under quasi‐hydrostatic conditions indicate possible structural variations through the reconstruction of the N‐H‐‐‐O hydrogen bonds at pressures above 2.6 GPa. Emergence of several new spectral features at higher pressures indicate onset of polymerization. The characteristic polymer band becomes discernible at ~17 GPa. The increase in the relative intensity of the polymer peaks with respect to the monomer peaks on release to ambient conditions suggests that higher fraction of polymer is obtained on decompression. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…The resulting sheets, stacked along the a axis, interact via van der Waals forces (see Figure 1). While polymerization of acrylamide has been extensively investigated, [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60] only a few studies of hydrostatic pressure induced solid state polymerization exist. Polymerization in solid acyrlamide has been reported in the range of 1-5 GPa after successive compressiondecompression cycles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressure Induced Topochemical Polymerizationof Solid Acryalmide Facilitated by Anisotropic Response of Hydrogen Bond Network

Maiti¹,

Gangan²,

Anshu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

0

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The pressure induced polymerization of molecular solids is an appealing route to obtain pure, crystalline polymers without the need for radical initiators. Here, we report a detailed density functional theory (DFT) based study of the structural and chemical changes that occur in defect free solid acrylamide, a hydrogen bonded crystal, when it is subjected to hydrostatic pressures. Our calculations predict a polymerization pressure of 94 GPa, in contrast to experimental estimates of 17 GPa, while being able to reproduce the experimentally measured pressure dependent spectroscopic features. Interestingly, we find that the two-dimensional hydrogen bond network templates a topochemical polymerization by aligning the atoms through an anisotropic response at low pressures. This results not only in conventional C-C, but also unusual C-O polymeric linkages, as well as a new hydrogen bonded framework, with both NH... O and C-H...O bonds.

show abstract

“…The resulting sheets, stacked along the a axis, interact via van der Waals forces (see Figure 1). While polymerization of acrylamide has been extensively investigated, [57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66] only a few studies of hydrostatic pressure induced solid state polymerization exist. Polymerization in solid acyrlamide has been reported in the range of 1-5 GPa after successive compressiondecompression cycles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pressure Induced Topochemical Polymerizationof Solid Acryalmide Facilitated by Anisotropic Response of Hydrogen Bond Network

Maiti¹,

Gangan²,

Anshu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The pressure induced polymerization of molecular solids is an appealing route to obtain pure, crystalline polymers without the need for radical initiators. Here, we report a detailed density functional theory (DFT) based study of the structural and chemical changes that occur in defect free solid acrylamide, a hydrogen bonded crystal, when it is subjected to hydrostatic pressures. Our calculations predict a polymerization pressure of 94 GPa, in contrast to experimental estimates of 17 GPa, while being able to reproduce the experimentally measured pressure dependent spectroscopic features. Interestingly, we find that the two-dimensional hydrogen bond network templates a topochemical polymerization by aligning the atoms through an anisotropic response at low pressures. This results not only in conventional C-C, but also unusual C-O polymeric linkages, as well as a new hydrogen bonded framework, with both NH... O and C-H...O bonds.

show abstract

Raman spectroscopy study of the process of polymerization of polyacrylamide gel

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Hydrogen bonds and polymerization in acrylamide under pressure

Hydrogen bonds and polymerization in acrylamide under pressure

Pressure Induced Topochemical Polymerizationof Solid Acryalmide Facilitated by Anisotropic Response of Hydrogen Bond Network

Pressure Induced Topochemical Polymerizationof Solid Acryalmide Facilitated by Anisotropic Response of Hydrogen Bond Network

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