Ramos colaterais do Arco aórtico do preá (Galea spixii Wagler, 1831)

Abstract

RESUMO.-O preá é um roedor típico da caatinga pertencente à família Caviidae. Considerando a inexistência de dados sobre o arco aórtico do preá, foi realizado este estudo tendo como objetivo descrever os ramos colaterais do arco aórtico neste cavídeo, e dessa forma, contribuir com dados para biologia da espécie. Foram utilizados vinte preás machos provenientes de estudos anteriores e encontravamse armazenados em freezer no Centro de Multiplicação de Animais Silvestres (CEMAS/UFERSA). Os animais foram descongelados, a cavidade torácica foi aberta, a aorta canulada e o sistema vascular lavado com solução salina e em seguida, injetado látex Neoprene corado com pigmento vermelho, amarelo ou branco. Posteriormente, os animais foram fixados em formol e depois de 72 horas, dissecados e analisados, sendo obtidos desenhos esquemáticos e os exemplares mais representativos fotografados. O arco aórtico do preá emitiu como ramos colaterais, o tronco braquiocefálico e a artéria subclávia esquerda. O tronco braquiocefálico originou na maioria das peças estudadas, a artéria carótida comum esquerda e o tronco braquiocarotídeo, do qual surgem as artérias subclávia direita e caróti-da comum direita. As artérias subclávias direita e esquerda em todos os animais estudados emitiram a artéria verte- Galea spixii is a typical rodent of the caatinga belonging to the Caviidae family. Considering the lack of data on the aortic arch of the galea, this study aimed to describe the collateral branches of the aortic arch in this specie and to contributes to knowledge of its biology. Twenty males from previous studies were used which had been stored in a freezer at Multiplication Center of Wild Animals (CEMAS/UFERSA). The animals were thawed, the thoracic cavity was opened and the aorta cannulated vasculature was washed with saline and then injected with Neoprene latex colored with red pigment, yellow or white. Subsequently, the animals were fixed in formalin and after 72 hours dissected and analyzed, to obtain schematic drawings and the most representative samples were photographed. The cavy aortic arch issued as collateral branches, the brachiocephalic trunk and the left subclavian artery. The brachiocephalic trunk afforded in most of the specimens the left common carotid artery and the brachiocarotid trunk, where the right subclavian and right common carotid arteries arise. The right and left subclavian arteries in all animals studied issued the vertebral artery, internal thoracic artery, superficial cervical artery costocervical trunk and axillary artery. The pattern of formation of the aortic arch of galea was similar to that observed in other rodents, such as the kerodon, the guinea pig and chinchilla.

Heart structure and coronary blood supply of the Giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla)

“…In the second pattern, two branches (a trunk common to the brachiocephalic trunk and the left common carotid artery) formed the trunk described as brachiocarotid in this study, as well as the left subclavian artery. A similar pattern has been described in the galea (Oliveira et al., 2015) and the giant anteater. In the third and less common pattern, a single branch, namely the bibrachiocephalic trunk, stemmed from the aorta and gave rise to both brachiocephalic trunks.…”

Angioarchitecture of collateral arteries of the aortic arch of Antillean manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus Linnaeus, 1758)

“…The right common carotid artery and left and right subclavian arteries emerge from the brachiocephalic trunk. This arrangement was reported in the southern‐fur‐seal ( Arctocephalus australis ; Guimarães, Mari, Le Bas, & Watanabe, ), while in the majority of terrestrial species studied, it predominated in rodents such as the paca ( Agouti paca ; Oliveira, Machado, Miglino, & Nogueira, ), long‐tailed chinchilla ( Chinchilla lanigera ; Araújo, Oliveira, & Campos, ; Özdemir, Çevik‐Demirkan, & Türkmenoğlu, ), guinea‐pig ( Cavia porcellus ; Kabak & Haziroglu, ), rock cavy ( Kerodon rupestris ; Magalhães, Albuquerque, Oliveira, Papa, & Moura, ), coypu ( Myocastor coypus ; Campos, Araújo, & Azambuja, ) and the spix's yellow‐toothed cavy ( Galea spixii ; Oliveira et al, ).…”

“…In some species of terrestrial mammals such as the European brown hare ( Lepus europaeus ; Brudnicki, Macherzyńska, & Nowicki, ), the rock cavy (Magalhães et al, ), pig ( Sus scrofa domesticus ; Konig & Liebich, , p. 788) and the southern tamandua ( Tamandua tetradactyla ; Pinheiro, Lima, Pereira, Gomes, & Branco, ), a common trunk is observed which creates the right and left common carotid arteries, called a bicarotid trunk. This arrangement is a standard structure in these species, but it can be observed in other species of animals as a variation, for example in 10% of spix's yellow‐toothed cavy (Oliveira et al, ). This structure was not observed in manatees, since in these animals, the left common carotid artery arises directly from the aortic arch, making it impossible to approach the right common carotid artery in the brachiocephalic trunk.…”

Collateral aortic branches in the collared peccary (Pecari tajacu Linnaeus, 1758)

“…Oliveira, Costa, et al (2020), gathered several studies on these groups of animals, and framed them in three different types of vascular arrangements, comprising types 1, 2 and 3. The vascular distribution arrangement in the collared peccary, from which the brachiocephalic trunk and the left subclavian artery arose directly from the aortic arch, has also been reported for other wild animals, such as the white-eared opossum (Didelphis albiventris) (Reckziegel et al, 2003), ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) (Martins et al, 2010), nutria (Myocastor coypus) (Campos et al, 2010), European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) (Souza et al, 2013), Spix's yellowtoothed cavy (Galea spixii) (Oliveira, Oliveira, Barbosa, et al, 2015; and crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) (Lima et al, 2016), as well as in the domestic pig (Susscrofa domesticus) (Lima et al, 2016). Albuquerque et al (2003), when studying the aortic arch of collared peccary foetuses, reported this same pattern, while, on the other hand, demonstrating that the brachiocephalic trunk gives rise to the right subclavian artery and the bicarotid trunk in five dissected foetuses.…”

“…Anatomical structures, arteries and organs names followed the International Committee on Gross Veterinary Anatomical Nomenclature (ICVGAN)(, 2017), except for brachiocarotid trunk that was adopted from Culau et al (2007), Oliveira, Oliveira, Bezerra, and and Oliveira, Oliveira, Barbosa, et al (2015), and our data were compared with related studies performed on domestic and wild mammals.…”