Randall’s plaque of patients with nephrolithiasis begins in basement membranes of thin loops of Henle

Evan, Andrew P.; Lingeman, James E.; Coe, Fredric L.; Parks, Joan H.; Bledsoe, Sharon B.; Shao, Yi; Sommer, André J.; Paterson, Ryan F.; Kuo, Ramsay L.; Grynpas, Marc D.

doi:10.1172/jci200317038

Cited by 156 publications

(248 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This can be partially explained by the fact that crystal deposition during stone formation has been shown to be associated with obstruction, extensive cell injury, and production of reactive oxygen species leading to oxidative damage. 23,24 In contrast to our study, Nikoobakht and associates 25 reported a higher NAG activity among stone patients, and this activity significantly correlated with stone size. In their study, 82% of patients had stones >1 cm, of which 12% were >2 cm.…”

Section: Figcontrasting

confidence: 95%

Urinary Expression of Novel Tissue Markers of Kidney Injury After Ureteroscopy, Shockwave Lithotripsy, and in Normal Healthy Controls

Fahmy

Şener

Sabbisetti

et al. 2013

Journal of Endourology

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Background and Purpose: Shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) and ureteroscopy (URS) are minimally invasive treatment alternatives for kidney stones. Although less invasive, SWL subjects the renal parenchyma to a high level of energy and the potential to cause renal injury. The ability to detect renal injury post-SWL in a reliable and noninvasive way would be clinically beneficial. Kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) and N-acetyl-b-Dglucosaminidase (NAG) are two proteins secreted by the kidney into the urine and have been found to be sensitive markers of acute kidney injury in transplant patients. The aim of this work was to measure urinary levels of KIM-1 and NAG in patients with kidney stone who were treated by SWL or URS and in nonstone volunteers. Patients and Methods: Patients with kidney stones who were treated by SWL (n = 50) or URS (n = 10) were recruited. Voided urine samples were collected before and 2 to 3 hours after URS and SWL. In addition, further urinary specimens were collected 2 days and 2 weeks post-SWL treatment. Voided urine samples from healthy volunteers were also collected. Results: Mean KIM-1 values were increased in patients with kidney stones when compared with volunteers. KIM-1 and NAG levels significantly increased post-SWL and returned to baseline within 2 weeks post-SWL. Poor kidney function was significantly associated with increased biomarker activity both in baseline and post-SWL measurements. There was no significant change in urinary KIM-1 and NAG concentrations before and after URS. Conclusions: Kim-1 and NAG levels significantly increased post-SWL treatment suggesting a potential role for these urinary markers in identifying patients at higher risk of tissue injury.

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Section: Figcontrasting

confidence: 95%

Urinary Expression of Novel Tissue Markers of Kidney Injury After Ureteroscopy, Shockwave Lithotripsy, and in Normal Healthy Controls

Fahmy

Şener

Sabbisetti

et al. 2013

Journal of Endourology

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“…The processes that mediate calcium phosphate deposition and its evolution into calcium oxalate stones remain to be determined. In more marked hyperoxaluric states (e.g., enteric or primary hyperoxaluria), direct adhesion of calcium oxalate crystals to renal epithelial cells may predominate (4). Therefore, we and others have hypothesized that attachment of newly formed crystals to the tubular cell surface (5-10) and the cellular responses that follow (11)(12)(13) could result in crystal retention and thereby set in motion a series of events that lead to pathologic renal calcification.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent evidence suggests that in many calcium oxalate stone formers, the earliest changes may be depositions of calcium phosphate in the medullary interstitium, that then serve as a nidus for a calcium oxalate stone (4). The processes that mediate calcium phosphate deposition and its evolution into calcium oxalate stones remain to be determined.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Proliferating Renal Epithelial Cell Affinity for Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate Crystals

Farell¹,

Huang

Kim

et al. 2004

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Abstract. Adhesion of urinary crystals to distal tubular cells could be a critical event that triggers a cascade of responses ending in kidney stone formation. Monolayer cultures of distal nephronderived MDCKI cells were used as a model to study crystal-cell interactions. COM crystal adhesion reached a peak 2 d after plating and progressively fell thereafter. The decline in crystal binding was accelerated by prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) supplementation and delayed by blockade of PG production. Crystals avidly adhered to cells that migrated in to repair a scrape wound made in the monolayer and after a transient hypoglycemic insult. Exposure of MDCKI cells to uric acid crystals and soluble uric acid was also associated with increased crystal adhesion. Treatment of physically or hypoglycemically injured cells with trypsin or neuraminidase reduced crystal binding to baseline levels, suggesting that increased exposure of cell surface glycoproteins mediated the effect, whereas PGE 2 treatment blunted crystal binding to regenerating cells. Furthermore, when cells were grown in the presence of synthetic D-mannosamine analogues that can modify the conformation of cell surface sialoglycoconjugates, crystal binding to proliferating cells was decreased, whereas blockade of N-

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“…Anionic molecules such as phospholipids, which are embedded in epithelial cell membranes, also are thought to promote the attachment of COM to renal tubules (7). It also has been suggested that COM mineralization may occur on Randall's plaques, which are subepithelial hydroxyapatite deposits (8). However, certain urinary molecules are thought by others to suppress crystal aggregation and cell attachment, presumably because of adsorption on COM crystal faces (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adhesion at calcium oxalate crystal surfaces and the effect of urinary constituents

Sheng

Jung

Wesson

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

189

160

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Kidney stones, aggregates of microcrystals, most commonly contain calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) as the primary constituent. The aggregation of COM microcrystals and their attachment to epithelial cells are thought to involve adhesion at COM crystal surfaces, mediated by anionic molecules or urinary macromolecules. Identification of the most important functional group-crystal face adhesive combinations is crucial to understanding the stability of COM aggregates and the strength of their attachments to epithelial cell surfaces under flow in the renal tubules of the kidney. Here, we describe direct measurements of adhesion forces, by atomic force microscopy, between various functional groups and select faces of COM crystals immersed in aqueous media. Tip-immobilized carboxylate and amidinium groups displayed the largest adhesion forces, and the adhesive strength of the COM crystal faces decreased in the order (100) > (121 ) > (010), demonstrating that adhesion is sensitive to the structure and composition of crystal faces. The influence of citrate and certain urinary proteins on adhesion was examined, and it was curious that osteopontin, a suspected regulator of stone formation, increased the adhesion force between a carboxylate tip and the (100) crystal face. This behavior was unique among the various combinations of additives and COM crystal faces examined here. Collectively, the force measurements demonstrate that adhesion of functional groups and binding of soluble additives, including urinary macromolecules, to COM crystal surfaces are highly specific in nature, suggesting a path toward a better understanding of kidney stone disease and the eventual design of therapeutic agents.

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Randall’s plaque of patients with nephrolithiasis begins in basement membranes of thin loops of Henle

Cited by 156 publications

References 21 publications

Urinary Expression of Novel Tissue Markers of Kidney Injury After Ureteroscopy, Shockwave Lithotripsy, and in Normal Healthy Controls

Urinary Expression of Novel Tissue Markers of Kidney Injury After Ureteroscopy, Shockwave Lithotripsy, and in Normal Healthy Controls

Modulation of Proliferating Renal Epithelial Cell Affinity for Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate Crystals

Adhesion at calcium oxalate crystal surfaces and the effect of urinary constituents

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