Random summing in a multi-detector counting system measuring mixtures of radionuclides of short and long half-lives

Oxby, C B; Oldroyd, B.; Graham, S G

doi:10.1016/0029-554x(79)90232-5

Nuclear Instruments and Methods

1979

DOI: 10.1016/0029-554x(79)90232-5

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Random summing in a multi-detector counting system measuring mixtures of radionuclides of short and long half-lives

C B Oxby

B. Oldroyd

S G Graham

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1982

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Cited by 5 publications

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Interferences in in vivo neutron activation analysis

Pearson¹,

Oxby²,

Brooks³

1982

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Significant errors can occur in the measurement of the total amounts of N, P, Cl, Na, Ca and K in the human body by in vivo neutron activation analysis because of the presence of interfering activity in the gamma-ray energy spectrum. The interfering activity may be present for two reasons: firstly, patients may have received an administered radioisotope in an unrelated investigation; secondly, activation of elements not normally present in the body in large quantities may have occurred. The size and duration of these errors have been examined for two administered radioisotopes, 67Ga and 47Ca. The interferences due to activated iron and chromium from stainless steel prostheses have been examined, as well as those due to activated iodine and barium in radiographic contrast media. A description of the method by which we correct for those interferences is given. The effects of the shape of the standard spectra used in least squares analysis of the results have been examined.

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Interferences in in vivo neutron activation analysis

Pearson¹,

Oxby²,

Brooks³

1982

pmb

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The feasibility of measuring total body carbon by counting neutron inelastic scatter gamma rays

Kyere

Oldroyd

Oxby

et al. 1982

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A technique is examined for measuring the mass of carbon of both ambulatory and non-ambulatory subjects. The method is based upon the detection of the 4.43 MeV gamma rays emitted from carbon nuclei when the body is irradiated with fast neutrons. The supine subject is irradiated laterally by a horizontal collimated beam of 14 MeV neutrons and the emitted gamma rays are counted by a shielded NaI(Tl) detector placed underneath the subject. The method has been calibrated for all sizes of subjects from 30 to 90 kg and there appears to be no significant interference from the other bulk elements of the body. Body carbon has been measured in six normal volunteers; body nitrogen was also determined by measuring the 13N induced in each subject in a second irradiation. Body fat was estimated from the measured carbon and nitrogen, and the values compared with those derived from skinfold thicknesses. The technique is proposed as a method of estimating long-term energy expenditure.

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Multi-element analysis of the human body using neutron activation

Sharafi¹,

Pearson²,

Oxby³

et al. 1983

Phys. Med. Biol.

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The calibration described is of the Leeds in vivo neutron activation facility for the simultaneous measurement of total body Na, Cl, P, Ca, N and K. The effects of body size and shape have been incorporated into the calibration using a variable anthropomorphic phantom. The main interfering reactions are considered, and the method by which the results are corrected for these interferences described. The accuracy and precision of the technique have been determined. The procedure is suitable for measuring the critically ill since both irradiation and counting are performed with the patient lying supine. For a whole body dose equivalent of 0.5 mSv nitrogen was measured with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 2.2%; potassium was measured in the same counting period with a CV of 1.6%. Using a dose equivalent of 5 mSv sodium (2.2%), chlorine (1.6%) and phosphorus (2.9%) were also determined; for a 10 mSv dose equivalent calcium was measured with a CV of 3%.

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Random summing in a multi-detector counting system measuring mixtures of radionuclides of short and long half-lives

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Interferences in in vivo neutron activation analysis

Interferences in in vivo neutron activation analysis

The feasibility of measuring total body carbon by counting neutron inelastic scatter gamma rays

Multi-element analysis of the human body using neutron activation

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