“…Methods like the separate‐segment approach (Akan & Yen, 1981; Fread, 1973) divide the network into manageable, independent components. More advanced techniques, such as the JPWSPC (Zhu & Chen, 2019) and random‐walk‐path method (Tang et al, 2022), build on foundational three‐step algorithms (Fang et al, 2012; Sen & Garg, 2002; Zhang & Shen, 2007) to offer efficient solutions for water stage prediction. Overall, these advances in numerical methods continue to enhance both the accuracy and computational efficiency of hydraulic modelling in complex channel networks.…”