Randomised Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial of Inulin with Metronidazole in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

Chong, Clara Yieh Lin; Orr, David W.; Plank, Lindsay D.; Vatanen, Tommi; O’Sullivan, Justin M.; Murphy, Rinki

doi:10.3390/nu12040937

Cited by 47 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…It can be fermented by gut bacteria to produce butyrate. Chong et al (2020) reported that supplementation of inulin further reduced ALT induced by metronidazole in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial [ 99 ]. Weitkunat et al (2015) reported that inulin feeding to mice increased production of SCFAs and reduced expression of genes involved in lipogenesis and fatty acid elongation/desaturation [ 100 ].…”

Section: Modulation Of Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota Metabolites in NAFLD Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Implications

Chen¹,

Vitetta

2020

IJMS

197

137

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Gut microbiota dysregulation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through its metabolites. Therefore, the restoration of the gut microbiota and supplementation with commensal bacterial metabolites can be of therapeutic benefit against the disease. In this review, we summarize the roles of various bacterial metabolites in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and their therapeutic implications. The gut microbiota dysregulation is a feature of NAFLD, and the signatures of gut microbiota are associated with the severity of the disease through altered bacterial metabolites. Disturbance of bile acid metabolism leads to underactivation of bile acid receptors FXR and TGR5, causal for decreased energy expenditure, increased lipogenesis, increased bile acid synthesis and increased macrophage activity. Decreased production of butyrate results in increased intestinal inflammation, increased gut permeability, endotoxemia and systemic inflammation. Dysregulation of amino acids and choline also contributes to lipid accumulation and to a chronic inflammatory status. In some NAFLD patients, overproduction of ethanol produced by bacteria is responsible for hepatic inflammation. Many approaches including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, faecal microbiome transplantation and a fasting-mimicking diet have been applied to restore the gut microbiota for the improvement of NAFLD.

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Section: Modulation Of Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota Metabolites in NAFLD Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Implications

Chen¹,

Vitetta

2020

IJMS

197

137

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Rifaximin, a broad spectrum antibiotic, lowered ALT levels, endotoxemia and HOMA-IR in histologically-diagnosed obese NASH patients [152]. Treatment combining metrodinazole, an antiprotozoal antibiotic, and the prebiotic inulin decreased transaminase levels in prediabetic patients, an effect not observed with inulin alone [153]. The lack of bacterial species-selective antibiotics and the apparition of antibiotic resistance strongly limit the use of antibiotics for metabolic disorders, which should be restricted to infections.…”

Section: Targeting Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestine-liver crosstalk in Type 2 Diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Nawrot¹,

Peschard²,

Lestavel³

et al. 2021

Metabolism

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“…In a clinical study, inulin, an important kind of prebiotics, was shown to decrease hepatic lipogenesis and plasma triglyceride level ( Letexier et al, 2003 ). Another double-blind, placebo-controlled trial also showed that metronidazole with inulin supplementation can reduce ALT beyond that achieved after very-low-calorie diet in patients with NAFLD ( Chong et al, 2020 ). However, generally speaking, the results are inconsistent.…”

Section: The Microbial Metabolites As a Potential Therapeutic Target mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Metabolites: Critical Regulators in NAFLD

et al. 2020

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of chronic liver disease throughout the world. The relationship between gut microbiota and NAFLD has been extensively investigated. The gut microbiota is involved in the regulation of NAFLD by participating in the fermentation of indigestible food, interacting with the intestinal mucosal immune system, and influencing the intestinal barrier function, leading to signaling alteration. Meanwhile, the microbial metabolites not only affect the signal transduction pathway in the gut but also reach the liver far away from gut. In this review, we focus on the effects of certain key microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, trimethylamine-N-oxide, bile acids, and endogenous ethanol and indole in NAFLD, and also summarize several potential therapies targeting the gut-liver axis and modulation of gut microbiota metabolites including antibiotics, prebiotics, probiotics, bile acid regulation, and fecal microbiota transplantation. Understanding the complex interactions between microbial metabolites and NAFLD may provide crucial insight into the pathogenesis and treatment of NAFLD.

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Randomised Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial of Inulin with Metronidazole in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

Cited by 47 publications

References 54 publications

Gut Microbiota Metabolites in NAFLD Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Implications

Gut Microbiota Metabolites in NAFLD Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Implications

Intestine-liver crosstalk in Type 2 Diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Microbial Metabolites: Critical Regulators in NAFLD

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