Randomized, controlled, double-blinded field trial to assess Leishmania vaccine effectiveness as immunotherapy for canine leishmaniosis

Toepp, Angela J.; Larson, Mandy; Wilson, Geneva; Grinnage-Pulley, Tara; Bennett, Carolyne; Leal-Lima, Adam; Anderson, Bryan; Parrish, Molly; Anderson, Michael G.; Fowler, Hailie; Hinman, Jessica; Kontowicz, Eric; Jefferies, Jane; Beeman, Marvin; Buch, Jesse; Saucier, Jill; Tyrrell, Phyllis; Gharpure, Radhika; Cotter, Caitlin; Petersen, Christine A.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.08.087

Cited by 33 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The efficacy of vaccines produced from antigens of L. braziliensis in combination with a monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) adjuvant was investigated in symptomatic dogs with visceral leishmaniasis (caused by L. infantum). In this study, the investigators treated 6 dogs with adjuvant alone and 10 dogs with the combination of adjuvant and L. braziliensis antigens [112]. The vaccine treatment led to reduction in parasite burden and disease severity.…”

Section: Leishmania Antigensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leishmania Immunity: Advancing Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development

et al. 2020

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Parasitic diseases still constitute a major global health problem affecting billions of people around the world. These diseases are capable of becoming chronic and result in high morbidity and mortality. Worldwide, millions of people die each year from parasitic diseases, with the bulk of those deaths resulting from parasitic protozoan infections. Leishmaniasis, which is a disease caused by over 20 species of the protozoan parasite belonging to the genus Leishmania, is an important neglected disease. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 12 million people are currently infected in about 98 countries and about 2 million new cases occur yearly, resulting in about 50,000 deaths each year. Current treatment methods for leishmaniasis are not very effective and often have significant side effects. In this review, we discussed host immunity to leishmaniasis, various treatment options currently being utilized, and the progress of both immunotherapy and vaccine development strategies used so far in leishmaniasis. We concluded with insights into what the future holds toward the fight against this debilitating parasitic disease.

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Section: Leishmania Antigensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leishmania Immunity: Advancing Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development

et al. 2020

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“…Therefore, in contrast to Leishmune R , which showed 76-80% efficacy based on strict end-points (deaths and clinical cases) (100,101) and promoted the decrease of canine and human incidence of VL in areas of high infective pressure (77), the second field assay of Leishtec R showed that, when combined with dog culling, Leishtec R may not reduce the canine incidence of leishmaniasis in areas of high transmission and may have no impact on the human incidence of the disease (122). A recent study on owned hunting dogs infected with L. (L.) infantum showed that, if used for immunotherapy, Leishtec R gave a 25% reduction in the risk of progression to clinical symptoms and a 70% reduction in mortality (123). In contrast, a higher potency was described for Leishmune R , which, when used for immunotherapy, gave an 80% reduction in symptomatic cases, a 100% reduction in parasite-positive cases, and a 100% reduction in deaths, and, when used in combination with chemotherapy, also promoted a sterile cure with negative PCR results (111).…”

Section: Anti-leishmania Licensed Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Delay in the Licensing of Protozoal Vaccines: A Comparative History

Palatnik-de-Sousa

Nico

2020

Front. Immunol.

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“…We further decided to simulate the vaccine characteristics separately, while in reality most vaccines are expected to possess multiple characteristics. For example lowering the parasite load will likely lead to both decreased infectiousness as well as reduced development of symptoms, as is also seen in canine VL vaccines [12,13]. However, by combining them it would be less clear to what extent different characteristics would drive the total impact of a vaccine.…”

Section: Plos Neglected Tropical Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%