Randomized controlled trial to dismantle exposure, relaxation, and rescripting therapy (ERRT) for trauma-related nightmares.

Pruiksma, Kristi E.; Cranston, Christopher C.; Rhudy, Jamie L.; Micol, Rachel L.; Davis, Joanne L.

doi:10.1037/tra0000238

Cited by 47 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Furthermore, it has been argued that exposure to nightmare content is not a necessary treatment component, as IRT is effective with minimal exposure (Krakow, Hollifield et al., ). However, some studies suggest that an intervention of relaxation training and sleep habit modification does not perform worse than the full IRT protocol including exposure and rescripting (Miller & Dipalato, ; Pruiksma, Cranston, Rhudy, Micol, & Davis, ). The literature thus remains unclear and sometimes conflicting.…”

Section: The Treatment Of Nightmare Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Aetiology and treatment of nightmare disorder: State of the art and future perspectives

Gieselmann

Aoudia²,

Carr

et al. 2019

Journal of Sleep Research

169

159

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This consensus paper provides an overview of the state of the art in research on the aetiology and treatment of nightmare disorder and outlines further perspectives on these issues. It presents a definition of nightmares and nightmare disorder followed by epidemiological findings, and then explains existing models of nightmare aetiology in traumatized and non‐traumatized individuals. Chronic nightmares develop through the interaction of elevated hyperarousal and impaired fear extinction. This interplay is assumed to be facilitated by trait affect distress elicited by traumatic experiences, early childhood adversity and trait susceptibility, as well as by elevated thought suppression and potentially sleep‐disordered breathing. Accordingly, different treatment options for nightmares focus on their meaning, on the chronic repetition of the nightmare or on maladaptive beliefs. Clinically, knowledge of healthcare providers about nightmare disorder and the delivery of evidence‐based interventions in the healthcare system is discussed. Based on these findings, we highlight some future perspectives and potential further developments of nightmare treatments and research into nightmare aetiology.

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Section: The Treatment Of Nightmare Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Aetiology and treatment of nightmare disorder: State of the art and future perspectives

Gieselmann

Aoudia²,

Carr

et al. 2019

Journal of Sleep Research

169

159

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Both EX and NEX consisted of three sessions. For the latter study, Pruiksma et al (2016) found no differences between the EX and NEX groups, so both groups were included in the present study. Treatments included the following components: psychoeducation about trauma, sleep, and nightmares, sleep modification including stimulus control, and relaxation procedures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…(For additional information regarding participant flow, see Davis et al, 2011 andPruiksma et al, 2016. Exclusion criteria included psychosis, cognitive impairment, active suicidal intent, current or past manic episodes, and untreated drug or alcohol abuse or dependence in the past 6 months.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present study is a secondary analysis from two randomized controlled trials (Davis et al, 2011;Pruiksma, Cranston, Rhudy, Micol, & Davis, 2016) evaluating the efficacy of ERRT (Davis, 2009) for post-trauma nightmares and sleep disturbances. Study 1 evaluated the efficacy of a full version protocol of ERRT compared to a waitlist control that received treatment following a wait period.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All procedures were approved by the university's institutional review board. (For additional information regarding participant flow, see Davis et al, 2011 andPruiksma et al, 2016. )…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of exposure, relaxation, and rescripting therapy for post‐trauma nightmares on suicidal ideation

et al. 2019

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Objective This study investigated whether a brief psychotherapy for post‐trauma nightmares (exposure, relaxation, and rescripting therapy [ERRT]), reduced suicidal ideation (SI). We hypothesized that: (a) nightmare frequency and severity, post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and sleep quality would be related to SI at pretreatment; (b) SI would decrease from pre‐ to post‐treatment; and (c) the decrease in SI would remain after controlling for change in PTSD and depression. Method Seventy‐five individuals exposed to a traumatic event and who experienced frequent nightmares (minimum one per week) participated in ERRT. Participants were not required to have a psychological diagnosis. Thirty percent endorsed SI at pretreatment. Results Depression and PTSD were related to SI at pretreatment. SI decreased following treatment; however, the third hypothesis was not supported. Conclusion Results suggest brief psychotherapy targeting post‐trauma nightmares may decrease SI. More research is necessary to determine what factors contribute to decreases in SI.

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Implications of cognitive‐oriented language within posttrauma nightmare narratives

Meador

Paquet

Cogan

et al. 2022

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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While rescription-based therapies are effective treatments for chronic post-trauma nightmares, mechanisms of change have not yet been defined. We examined the relationship between the use of cognitive-related words in nightmare narratives and the posttraumatic cognitions inventory (PTCI) in a sample of 25 trauma-exposed individuals undergoing rescription therapy for post-trauma nightmares. In addition to exploring the relationship between different types of cognitive language use and PTCI scores, the relationship between changes in their frequency of use and posttrauma cognitions were also analyzed. We found that cognitive language use as a whole in addition to the subcategories of tentative, discrepancy, and insight words within the nightmare are significantly negatively related to baseline PTCI scores, while analytic language use was positively correlated. However, cognitive language use in the rescription did not relate to PTCI scores post-treatment. Furthermore, changes in the of use cognitive language, between the nightmare and the rescription, are significantly negatively associated with severity of posttraumatic cognitions at the post-assessment. These results demonstrate the importance of understanding cognitive language in nightmare imagery as it may relay important information about treatment outcomes.

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Randomized controlled trial to dismantle exposure, relaxation, and rescripting therapy (ERRT) for trauma-related nightmares.

Cited by 47 publications

References 56 publications

Aetiology and treatment of nightmare disorder: State of the art and future perspectives

Aetiology and treatment of nightmare disorder: State of the art and future perspectives

The impact of exposure, relaxation, and rescripting therapy for post‐trauma nightmares on suicidal ideation

Implications of cognitive‐oriented language within posttrauma nightmare narratives

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