Randomized nutrient bar supplementation improves exercise-associated changes in plasma metabolome in adolescents and adult family members at cardiometabolic risk

Mietus‐Snyder, Michele; Narayanan, Nisha; Krauss, Ronald M.; Laine-Graves, Kirsten; McCann, Joyce C.; Shigenaga, Mark K.; McHugh, Tara H.; Ames, Bruce N.; Suh, Jung Hee

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0240437

Cited by 7 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Twenty-two studies had their full text analyzed based on the inclusion criteria. As a result of this selection, 11 studies [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ], enrolling 649 children or adolescents living with obesity or overweight, with mean ages from 8 to 16 years old, were included in the qualitative synthesis. The detailed steps of the systematic article search and selection process are presented in the flow chart in Figure 2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood and Adolescent Obesity with Somatic Indicators of Stress, Inflammation, and Dysmetabolism before and after Intervention: A Meta-Analysis

Dragoumani,

Troumbis,

Bacopoulou

et al. 2023

JPM

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There have been numerous attempts to establish a correlation between obesity and stress, inflammatory, and dysmetabolism biomarkers in children and adolescents. Here, we performed a meta-analysis of existing studies to shed light on the elusive correlations of childhood and adolescent obesity with physiological indicators of stress, inflammation, and metabolism before and after lifestyle interventions. Observational studies, meta-analyses, narrative and systematic reviews were excluded. From a total of 53 articles, 11 were selected according to specific criteria. The biomarkers examined were circulating glucose, insulin, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, adiponectin, leptin, CRP, TNF-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and HOMA-IR. All analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 28.0.1.0 (142). The current meta-analysis provides evidence of a beneficial effect of a lifestyle intervention and/or drugs in children and adolescents living with obesity or overweight, consistent with a significant reduction in body fat—but not in BMI or waist circumference—an increase in circulating adiponectin and/or a reduction in serum insulin levels and diastolic blood pressure, and a trend towards a reduction of circulating leptin and glucose levels, as well as of the HOMA-IR. This meta-analysis indicates that lifestyle interventions could reduce overweight-/obesity-associated systemic inflammation and dysmetabolism even without an apparent decrease in BMI.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood and Adolescent Obesity with Somatic Indicators of Stress, Inflammation, and Dysmetabolism before and after Intervention: A Meta-Analysis

Dragoumani,

Troumbis,

Bacopoulou

et al. 2023

JPM

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“…Examples. Failing to account for clustering is one of the most pervasive errors in nutrition and obesity studies that we observe [6,61,[69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79]. A review of school-based randomized trials with weight-related outcomes found that only 21.5% of studies used intracluster correlation coefficients in their power analysis, and only 68.6% applied multilevel models to account for clustering [80].…”

Section: Errors In the Analysis Of Randomized Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Errors in the implementation, analysis, and reporting of randomization within obesity and nutrition research: a guide to their avoidance

et al. 2021

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Randomization is an important tool used to establish causal inferences in studies designed to further our understanding of questions related to obesity and nutrition. To take advantage of the inferences afforded by randomization, scientific standards must be upheld during the planning, execution, analysis, and reporting of such studies. We discuss ten errors in randomized experiments from real-world examples from the literature and outline best practices for their avoidance. These ten errors include: representing nonrandom allocation as random, failing to adequately conceal allocation, not accounting for changing allocation ratios, replacing subjects in nonrandom ways, failing to account for non-independence, drawing inferences by comparing statistical significance from within-group comparisons instead of between-groups, pooling data and breaking the randomized design, failing to account for missing data, failing to report sufficient information to understand study methods, and failing to frame the causal question as testing the randomized assignment per se. We hope that these examples will aid researchers, reviewers, journal editors, and other readers to endeavor to a high standard of scientific rigor in randomized experiments within obesity and nutrition research.

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“…Contrary to the expectation that physical activity lower ceramide by improving lipid oxidation capacity, a combination of dietary supplementation (nutrient bar) plus exercise significant increased ceramides (e.g., C14:0, C16:0, C20:0 and C22:0) [61]. Other data similarly demonstrated that acute exercise transiently increases serum ceramides in obese untrained subjects [49].…”

Section: Modulation Of Ceramides By Diet and Endurance Exercisementioning

confidence: 94%

Plasma Ceramides Pathophysiology, Measurements, Challenges, and Opportunities

2021

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Ceramides are a family of lipid molecules, composed of sphingosine and a fatty acid, and transported by lipoproteins (primarily by low-density lipoproteins) in the bloodstream. They are not only structural lipids, but multifunctional and bioactive molecules with key roles in many important cellular pathways, such as inflammatory processes and apoptosis, representing potential biomarkers of cardiometabolic diseases as well as pharmacological targets. Recent data reported ceramide modulation by diet and aerobic exercise, suggesting nutrients and exercise-targeting sphingolipid pathways as a countermeasure, also in combination with other therapies, for risk and progression of chronic disease prevention and health maintenance. In this review, we focus on the available data regarding remarks on ceramide structure and metabolism, their pathophysiologic roles, and the effect of dietary habit and aerobic exercise on ceramide levels. Moreover, advancements and limitations of lipidomic techniques and simplification attempts to overcome difficulties of interpretation and to facilitate practical applications, such as the proposal of scores, are also discussed.

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Randomized nutrient bar supplementation improves exercise-associated changes in plasma metabolome in adolescents and adult family members at cardiometabolic risk

Cited by 7 publications

References 46 publications

Childhood and Adolescent Obesity with Somatic Indicators of Stress, Inflammation, and Dysmetabolism before and after Intervention: A Meta-Analysis

Childhood and Adolescent Obesity with Somatic Indicators of Stress, Inflammation, and Dysmetabolism before and after Intervention: A Meta-Analysis

Errors in the implementation, analysis, and reporting of randomization within obesity and nutrition research: a guide to their avoidance

Plasma Ceramides Pathophysiology, Measurements, Challenges, and Opportunities

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