Randomized Trial of Intake of Fat, Fiber, and Beta Carotene to Prevent Colorectal Adenomas

MacLennan, Robert; Macrae, Finlay; Bain, Christopher; Battistutta, Diana; Chapuis, Pierre; Gratten, H.; Lambert, John; Newland, R. C.; Ngu, Meng C.; Russell, Anne; Ward, Mandy; Ml, Wahlqvist

doi:10.1093/jnci/87.23.1760

Cited by 294 publications

(108 citation statements)

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“…Although not statistically significant, a randomized trial in Australia showed that both bran and ␤-carotene supplements were associated with slightly elevated risk of developing colorectal adenomas. 14 Data from the Nurses' Cohort have not shown benefit from bran supplements either. 15 A randomized trial of wheat bran fiber supplements did not show a decrease in subsequent adenomas in the intervention group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of vitamins, minerals, and nutritional supplements by participants in a chemoprevention trial

Sandler

Halabi

Kaplan

et al. 2001

Cancer

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of vitamins, minerals, and nutritional supplements by participants in a chemoprevention trial

Sandler

Halabi

Kaplan

et al. 2001

Cancer

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“…After considering the report of our workshop and the result of the Australian Polyp Prevention Trial (MacLennan et al, 1995), they removed meat from their list of dietary risk factors. The inconsistent evidence about meat intake and colorectal cancer is discussed in the text.…”

Section: Five Combined Prospective Studies Of Vegetarians and Sociallmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Australian Polyp Prevention Project (MacLennan et al, 1995), 400 patients who had had one or more colorectal polyps removed were followed for 4 y on combinations of six different diets (low fat or not; and b-carotene or not; and 'All Bran' or not). Patients on extra wheat bran plus low fat (but no restriction of lean red meat) did not have recurrence at colonoscopy of large adenomas, which happened on the other diets in some patients.…”

Section: Five Combined Prospective Studies Of Vegetarians and Sociallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meat consumption and cancer of the large bowel

2002

Eur J Clin Nutr

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studies relating (red) meat consumption and colorectal cancer have been published or found by search. These are collected here.Thirty adequate case -control studies have been published up to 1999 (from 16 different countries). Twenty of them found no significant association of (red) meat with colorectal cancer. Of the remaining 10 studies reporting an association, some obtained statistical significance only in rectal or colon cancers, another only in men, not women, or found a stronger association with pasta and rice, or used an inadequate food list in the food frequency questionnaire.Fifteen cohort studies have now been published. { Only in three were significant associations of (red) meat found with colorectal cancer. Two of these positive studies were from the same group in the USA (relative risk 1.7). The results of the third positive study appear to conflict with data from part of the vegetarians follow up mortality study.Here, five groups of vegetarians (in three different countries) with socially matched controls were followed up (total 76 000 people). Mortality from colorectal cancer was not distinguishable between vegetarians and controls.While it is still possible that certain processed meats or sausages (with a variety of added ingredients) or meats cooked at very high temperature carry some risk, the relationship between meats in general and colorectal cancer now looks weaker than the 'probable' status it was judged to have by the WCRF in 1997.

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“…Progress has been slow, however, in defining specific dietary interventions to reduce the risk (Greenberg et al, 1994;MacLennan et al, 1995;Baron et al, 1999;Alberts et al, 2000;Bonithon-Kopp et al, 2000;Schatzkin et al, 2000). This may have been a consequence of the cumbersome method that has been used to test possible interventions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A pilot randomised controlled trial to reduce colorectal cancer risk markers associated with B-vitamin deficiency, insulin resistance and colonic inflammation

Cirocco

Giacca

et al. 2005

Br J Cancer

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Colorectal cancer risk is associated with biochemical markers for B-vitamin deficiency, insulin resistance and colonic inflammation, suggesting that these three conditions are each involved in colon carcinogenesis. We expected that dietary supplements of folic acid, n-3 fatty acids and calcium would reduce the markers and thus possibly cancer risk. We therefore randomised 98 participants, with previous colonic polyps or intramucosal carcinomas, to a combined treatment of supplementary folic acid, fish oil and calcium carbonate, or placebos for 28 days. Blood and faecal samples were obtained prior to and at the conclusion of the intervention and analysed for plasma folate, homocysteine, insulin, free fatty acids, triglycerides and faecal calprotectin. In addition, plasma vitamin B 12 , thiamin, glucose and C-reactive protein were assessed. Our supplemental strategy modestly affected some of the biomarkers associated with folate metabolism and insulin resistance, but had no effect on those associated with colonic inflammation. This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility and practicality of clinical trials aimed at reducing diet-related biochemical risk markers for colon cancer. We suggest that long-term intervention studies with tumour-related end points should be undertaken when the intervention agents used are found effective in short-term biochemical risk marker trials.

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Randomized Trial of Intake of Fat, Fiber, and Beta Carotene to Prevent Colorectal Adenomas

Cited by 294 publications

References 0 publications

Use of vitamins, minerals, and nutritional supplements by participants in a chemoprevention trial

Use of vitamins, minerals, and nutritional supplements by participants in a chemoprevention trial

Meat consumption and cancer of the large bowel

A pilot randomised controlled trial to reduce colorectal cancer risk markers associated with B-vitamin deficiency, insulin resistance and colonic inflammation

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