Range resolution enhancement of WISDOM/ExoMars radar soundings by the Bandwidth Extrapolation technique: Validation and application to field campaign measurements

Oudart, Nicolas; Ciarletti, Valérie; Gall, Alice Le; Mastrogiuseppe, Marco; Herve, Yann; Benedix, Wolf-Stefan; Plettemeier, Dirk; Tranier, Vivien; Hassen-Khodja, Rafik; Statz, Christoph; Lu, Yun

doi:10.1016/j.pss.2021.105173

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Still, the autoregressive maximum entropy method (Burg, 1975) remains a viable option for predicting missing parts of a signal based on preceding or proceeding data points. It has, for example, had successful application in bandwidth extrapolation for radar systems (Gambacorta et al., 2022; Oudart et al., 2021). The reconstructed signal over an interval of removed samples, will be a linear combination of the changes above and below in each recorded signal.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radar Attenuation in the Shallow Martian Subsurface: RIMFAX Time‐Frequency Analysis and Constant‐Q Characterization Over Jezero Crater Floor

Eide

Casademont

Berger

et al. 2023

Geophysical Research Letters

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During the first 379 sols of NASA's Perseverance rover mission on Mars, over 5 km had been driven over the Jezero Crater Floor. The rover had gone from the Octavia E. Butler landing site (OEB), located on the relatively flat terrain of the Máaz Formation, to the distinct rugged exposures of the Séítah Formation. Afterward, the rover drove back again to OEB, largely backtracking its original route. The Radar Imager for Mars' Subsurface Exploration (RIMFAX;Hamran et al., 2020) conducted measurements along the whole traverse, providing an exceptional data set for constraining subsurface parameters over a large geographical area spanning several different regions (Figure 1). Moreover, the close vicinity of the two passes allows for testing replicability of obtained media parameters.The first look into the shallow Martian subsurface disclosed intriguing reflector geometries, which at places can be correlated with outcropping rock formations on the surface (Hamran et al., 2022). Yet, more information is contained in the acquired data, hidden by randomly distributed reflections dominating the radar image. This calls for supplementary analysis of the radar data beyond that of visual inspection.Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data is strongly affected by the frequency dependent attenuation mechanisms. In general, higher frequency content is attenuated more than lower, so that subsurface reflection spectra will be altered compared to that of the transmitted waveform. The constant-Q factor was originally used to describe similar behavior of seismic waves due to cumulative attenuating effects in the ground (Richards & Aki, 1980), but it has also been found applicable for electromagnetic propagation in natural soil and rocks over the GPR frequency range 0.1-1.0 GHz (Harbi & McMechan, 2012;Turner & Siggins, 1994). For this reason, it can be appropriate to assume a linear frequency dependence for the attenuation in GPR sounding:

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radar Attenuation in the Shallow Martian Subsurface: RIMFAX Time‐Frequency Analysis and Constant‐Q Characterization Over Jezero Crater Floor

Eide

Casademont

Berger

et al. 2023

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…• The improvement of the WISDOM (ExoMars, ESA) Ground Penetrating Radar soundings in preparation of the Rosalind Franklin rover mission (Oudart et al, 2021) • The improvement of the MARSIS (Mars Express, ESA) radar sounder resolution by a factor of 6 using both BWE and BWI between different frequency band modes (Gambacorta et al, 2022) • The EMI removal by BWI helped the estimation of attenuations in the Martian subsurface with the RIMFAX (Mars 2020, NASA) Ground Penetrating Radar data (Eide et al, 2022) However, the planetary science community has few radar experts, and to our knowledge no open-source integrated BWE solutions existed before the release of this library, limiting the planetary radar application of this technique. For this reason, we propose in this library integrated BWE solutions for all planetary scientists, as well as the individual functions for planetary radar experts.…”

Section: Statement Of Needmentioning

confidence: 99%

PyBWE: Python tools for Bandwidth Extrapolation of planetary radar signals

Oudart

2024

JOSS

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PyBWE is a Python library containing radar super-resolution methods known as "Bandwidth Extrapolation" (BWE).Range resolution enhancement is one of the main challenges in radar signal processing. It is driven by the time resolution of radar soundings, and the speed of electromagnetic waves in the sounded material. Time resolution being limited by the frequency bandwidth of the instrument, the same applies to range resolution: the larger the bandwidth, the more enhanced the resolution.

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“…Still, the autoregressive maximum entropy method remains a viable option for predicting missing parts of a signal based on preceding or proceeding data points. It has, for example, had successful application in bandwidth extrapolation for radar systems (Gambacorta et al, 2022;Oudart et al, 2021). The reconstructed signal over an interval of removed samples, will be a linear combination of the changes above and below in each recorded signal.…”

Section: List Of Abbreviationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RIMFAX dip attribute analysis: Unconformity detection and true dip in the Martian subsurface

Eide

Dypvik

Amundsen³

et al. 2022

19th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar

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Range resolution enhancement of WISDOM/ExoMars radar soundings by the Bandwidth Extrapolation technique: Validation and application to field campaign measurements

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Radar Attenuation in the Shallow Martian Subsurface: RIMFAX Time‐Frequency Analysis and Constant‐Q Characterization Over Jezero Crater Floor

Radar Attenuation in the Shallow Martian Subsurface: RIMFAX Time‐Frequency Analysis and Constant‐Q Characterization Over Jezero Crater Floor

PyBWE: Python tools for Bandwidth Extrapolation of planetary radar signals

RIMFAX dip attribute analysis: Unconformity detection and true dip in the Martian subsurface

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