Rapeseed oil-rich diet alters hepatic mitochondrial membrane lipid composition and disrupts bioenergetics

Abstract

composition, namely in terms of fatty acyl chains and relative proportions of phospholipid classes, the modified diet inducing a decrease in the saturated to unsaturated molar ratio and an increase in the phosphatidylcholine to phosphatidylethanolamine molar ratio. Mass spectrometry lipid analysis showed significant differences in the major species of cardiolipin, with an apparent increased incorporation of oleic acid as a result of exposure to the modified diet. Rats fed the modified diet during 22 days showed decreased hepatic mitochondrial state 3 respiration and were more susceptible to Ca 2+ -induced transition pore opening. Rapeseed oil-enriched diet also appeared to promote a decrease in hydroperoxide production by the respiratory chain, although a simultaneous decrease in vitamin E content was detected. In conclusion, our data indicate that the rapeseed oil diet causes negative alterations on hepatic mitochondrial bioenergetics, which may result from membrane remodeling. Such alterations may have an impact not only on energy supply to the cell, but also on drug-induced hepatic mitochondrial liabilities.

Membrane Lipid Replacement: Clinical Studies Using a Natural Medicine Approach to Restoring Membrane Function and Improving Health

“…In this animal study hepatic mitochondria were examined after rats were fed the rapeseed oil diet for 22 days, after which they were found to express differences in the relative proportions of glycerolphospholipid classes (increase in PC to PE ratio and differences in cardiolipins) and ratios of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids in their mitochondrial membranes. These mitochondrial membrane lipid alterations paralleled the negative changes in mitochondrial energetics [50].…”

“…MLR can also have negative consequences, if the wrong membrane lipids are used. For example, feeding rodents a rapeseed oil-rich diet was found to alter hepatic mitochondrial membrane lipid composition and reduce mitochondrial function [50]. In this animal study hepatic mitochondria were examined after rats were fed the rapeseed oil diet for 22 days, after which they were found to express differences in the relative proportions of glycerolphospholipid classes (increase in PC to PE ratio and differences in cardiolipins) and ratios of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids in their mitochondrial membranes.…”

Formation and Regulation of Mitochondrial Membranes

“…In one study, mice exposure to rapeseed oil-rich diet showed altered mitochondrial membrane phospholipid composition in terms of both the type of acyl chains within the phospholipids and the proportions of phospholipid classes. As a result of altered mitochondrial membrane composition, these mice showed altered hepatic mitochondrial bioenergetics [124]. Guderley and collaborators showed that in trout mitochondria the changes in membrane phospholipid characteristics, including the acyl-chain composition, follow the patterns of fatty acids present in the diet.…”

“…Dietary interventions that are able to influence mitochondrial membrane phospholipids, hence modifying its physical properties, respiration, and other processes such as MPTP, are emerging as novel therapeutic strategies [124]. Therapies addressed to mitochondrial phospholipids have been suggested as potentially useful to treat pathologies, such as cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, obesity, and metabolic disorders [124]. …”

Influence of tissue, diet, and enzymatic remodeling on cardiolipin fatty acyl profile

“…Additionally, cardiolipin species have been shown to respond to alterations in diet [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. Regulation of the fatty acyl composition of cardiolipin is important, since it has functional consequences for cells.…”