Rapid and coulometric electrolysis for ion transfer at the aqueous|organic solution interface

Yoshizumi, Asuka; Uehara, Akihiro; Kasuno, Megumi; Kitatsuji, Yoshihiro; Yoshida, Zenko; Kihara, Sorin

doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2005.02.024

Cited by 49 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Kihara and coworkers reported on the coulometric detection of ions such as potassium, magnesium and calcium by using a flow cell that operates on the principles of ion transfer voltammetry. 62 Each ion was detected separately within 40-s by passing through a porous Teflon tube with inserted silver wire and quantitative transfer into a contacting organic solution containing the counter electrode and a suitable ionophore. This exciting paper has implications for calibration-free ion detection as well as quantitative removal of unwanted interferences for a number of applications.…”

Section: Ion Transfer Voltammetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Sensors

2006

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Section: Ion Transfer Voltammetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Sensors

2006

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“…Recently, controlled potential coulometry was introduced by the group of Kihara as a very promising calibration-free analysis method in the field of ion sensing [24]. The principle is illustrated in Figure 6.…”

Section: Coulometric Ion Transfer: Calibration-free Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current associated with this process is monitored and integrated over the entire analysis time. The coulometric analysis of calcium is possible, for instance, if most calcium ions have been selectively transferred and non-Faradaic processes (charging currents) are kept insignificant [24]. To make this promising technique even more practical for routine use, the system may need to be further miniaturized for reduced analysis times and sample volumes, the direct sample contact of Ag/AgCl will have to be avoided and, perhaps most important, the simple solvent 1,2-dichloroethane used in this work may need to be replaced by a more robust and inert sensing material.…”

Section: Coulometric Ion Transfer: Calibration-free Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beyond potentiometry: Robust electrochemical ion sensor concepts in view of remote chemical sensing

Bakker

Bhakthavatsalam

Gemene

2008

Talanta

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For about one hundred years, potentiometry with ion-selective electrodes has been one of the dominating electroanalytical techniques. While great advances in terms of selective chemistries and materials have been achieved in recent years, the basic manner in which ion-selective membranes are used has not fundamentally changed. The potential readings are directly co-dependent on the potential at the reference electrode, which requires maintenance and for which very few accepted alternatives have been proposed. Fouling or clogging of the exposed electrode surfaces will lead to changes in the observed potential. At the same time, the Nernst equation predicts quite small potential changes, on the order of millivolts for concentration changes on the order of a factor two, making frequent recalibration, accurate temperature control and electrode maintenance key requirements of routine analytical measurements. While the relatively advanced selective materials developed for ion-selective sensors would be highly attractive for low power remote sensing application, one should consider solutions beyond classical potentiometry to make this technology practically feasible. This paper evaluates some recent examples that may be attractive solutions to the stated problems that face potentiometric measurements. These include high amplitude sensing approaches, with sensitivities that are order of magnitude larger than predicted on the Nernst equation; backside calibration potentiometry, where knowledge of the magnitude of the potential is irrelevant and the system is evaluated from the backside of the membrane; controlled current coulometry with ionselective membranes, an attractive technique for calibration free reagent delivery without the need for standards or volumetry; localized electrochemical titrations at ion-selective membranes, making it possible to design sensors that directly monitor parameters such as total acidity for which volumetric techniques were traditionally used; and controlled potential coulometry, where all ions of interest are selectively transferred into the ion-selective organic phase, forming a calibration free technique that would be exquisitely suitable for remote sensing applications. KeywordsIon-selective electrodes; chemical sensors; reference electrode; calibration free; coulometry; remote sensing Direct Potentiometry: The State of the Art and Promise for Remote SensingIon-selective electrodes are among the oldest known types of chemical sensors [1]. In most cases, an ion-selective membrane separates the sample from an inner solution, and the electromotive force between reference electrodes in the aqueous sample and the inner solution Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the p...

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“…In the construction of the flow cell, a poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) membrane filter was employed to prepare the O/W interface formed over a thin channel (0.1-mm thick, 48-cm long). Recently, Yoshizumi et al 12 developed another type of flow cell for complete electrolysis, which was easier to prepare than the previous one. The flow cell was composed of a porous PTFE tube (1.0-mm inner diameter, 50 cm-long) and a silver wire (0.8-mm diameter) inserted into the PTFE tube.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow-Injection On-line Electrochemical Separation/Determination of Ions Using a Two-Step Oil/Water-Type Flow Cell System

Gohara

Osakai

2010

Anal. Sci.

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A flow system for electrochemical separation and detection of ions was constructed by connecting two oil/water (O/W)-type flow cells, in which a long polarizable O/W interface was formed at the inner surface of a porous poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) tube. Using this system, acetylcholine and choline ions, whose ion-transfer potentials are different by only 60 mV, could be separated and determined simultaneously. It was thus shown that the present flow system is promising for the electrochemical flow separation/detection of ions and, in principle, also for electrochromatographic separation of ions.

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Rapid and coulometric electrolysis for ion transfer at the aqueous|organic solution interface

Cited by 49 publications

References 18 publications

Electrochemical Sensors

Electrochemical Sensors

Beyond potentiometry: Robust electrochemical ion sensor concepts in view of remote chemical sensing

Flow-Injection On-line Electrochemical Separation/Determination of Ions Using a Two-Step Oil/Water-Type Flow Cell System

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