Rapid and visual detection of the main chemical compositions in maize seeds based on Raman hyperspectral imaging

Abstract

Rapid and visual detection of the chemical compositions of plant seeds is important but difficult for a traditional seed quality analysis system. In this study, a custom-designed line-scan Raman hyperspectral imaging system was applied for detecting and displaying the main chemical compositions in a heterogeneous maize seed. Raman hyperspectral images collected from the endosperm and embryo of maize seed were acquired and preprocessed by Savitzky-Golay (SG) filter and adaptive iteratively reweighted Penalized Least Squares (airPLS). Three varieties of maize seeds were analyzed, and the characteristics of the spectral and spatial information were extracted from each hyperspectral image. The Raman characteristic peaks, identified at 477, 1443, 1522, 1596 and 1654 cm from 380 to 1800 cm Raman spectra, were related to corn starch, mixture of oil and starch, zeaxanthin, lignin and oil in maize seeds, respectively. Each single-band image corresponding to the characteristic band characterized the spatial distribution of the chemical composition in a seed successfully. The embryo was distinguished from the endosperm by band operation of the single-band images at 477, 1443, and 1596 cm for each variety. Results showed that Raman hyperspectral imaging system could be used for on-line quality control of maize seeds based on the rapid and visual detection of the chemical compositions in maize seeds.

Microstructure and distribution of oil, protein, and starch in different compartments of canaryseed (Phalaris canariensis L.)

“…However, they could also suggest that the germ is rich in proteins, since these two bands are common for both oil and protein (Figures 7a and 8). These results suggest that the germ has a high concentration of oil and protein similar to that of other cereals such as wheat and corn (Hoseney & Delcour, 2010a; Yang et al., 2018). The grains (droplets) visible in the scutellum (Figure 6b,d) are a mix of oil and proteins.…”

“…This confirms the presence of proteins in the bran and made it challenging to comment on availability of oil in this layer. The Raman spectrum of the bran (Figure 10b) showed an outstanding band at ~1,599 cm −1 that is characteristic to lignin (Yang et al., 2018). Lignin, as one of the major constituents of the bran, has been reported elsewhere (“GRAS Notice (GRN) No.…”

“…Raman spectroscopy and associated techniques, such as FT-Raman, Confocal-Raman etc., have shown potential in plant-based research and more utilization in cereal science has been found recently (Ellepola et al, 2006;Gierlinger & Schwanninger, 2007;Jääskeläinen et al, 2013;Lee et al, 2014;Ma & Phillips, 2002;Piot et al, 2002;Yang et al, 2018). It detects the vibrations (e.g., stretching, wagging, bending, deformation, etc.)…”

Automation and Scale Up of Somatic Embryogenesis for Commercial Plant Production, With Emphasis on Conifers

“…Efforts have been made to design a classification-system for plant embryos that uses a logistic regression model based on image or spectral data correlated with various quality aspects (Timmis and Toland, 2009). The possibilities to utilize spectral imaging have recently been demonstrated for analyses of chemical composition of intact maize kernels (Yang et al, 2018). Furthermore, the future perspective of utilizing hyperspectral imaging has the possibility to further distinguish detailed characteristics of mature embryos likely to germinate and form plants (Lu and Fei, 2014).…”

Quantitative visualization of photosynthetic pigments in tea leaves based on Raman spectroscopy and calibration model transfer

“…Qin et al [ 13 ] developed a bench-top point-scan Raman chemical imaging system to detect and visualize the internal distribution of lycopene in postharvest tomato, and established a Raman chemical image to visualize the spatial distribution of lycopene at different stages of maturity. Yang et al [ 14 ] used a custom row-scan Raman hyperspectral imaging system to detect and display the main chemical components of maize seeds. The characteristic peaks associated with corn starch, mixture of oil and starch, zeaxanthin, lignin and oil were found.…”