Rapid Assessment of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contamination in Soils: Spectroscopy Approach

Kokah, Douglas Reward; Silas, Aziaka Duabari; Akeme-Esuotei, Osaribie Nelson

doi:10.11648/j.eas.20190403.13

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…The number of crude oil-contaminated sites in Niger Delta region have been reported to exceed 2,000 [7]. Also, overtime, oil spills are said to have produced about 13 million tons of hydrocarbons in the region caused by sabotage, well blowouts, pipeline fatigue, and pipeline vandalism [8,9]. The contaminated sites are usually at different levels of concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure, geochemical, and spatial distribution patterns of an oil spill in parts of the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

et al. 2021

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Large-scale and small-scale spilt oil is as old as exploration activities in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. There is a need to provide the exposure, geochemical and spatial characteristics in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria because of the effects of the spilt oil on the communities and the environment. Some of the spilt oil-disaster impacts for exposed communities include psychological effects and socio-demographic characteristics. In this study, the characteristics, sources, spatial and socio-demographic risk predictions of the spilt oil discovered by Kolo Creek coastal residents are examined. A random sample of 900 residents of Kolo Creek coastal communities included exposure characteristics linked to health, the social and economic lifestyle of the communities. The demographic characteristics included age, gender, literacy, and occupation as covariates in the analyses. Respondents provided varied information on the amount of health, the social, and economic impacts. The highest and lowest direct exposure impact accounts 94.65±2.0% and 5.95±1.52% for smoggy weather and obstruction to watercourses respectively. The geochemical distribution pattern was examined using standard laboratory procedures. This investigation included the determination of the physical and chemical characteristics of water samples at the oil spill sites. Also, the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total hydrocarbon content (THC), and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) of both water and sediment samples were carried out. A strong correlation exists between these parameters (i.e. at p < 0.01) and indicate communalities greater than 0.5. The pollution distribution maps support the spatial distribution pattern and correlate significantly (p < 0.01) with the exposure distribution, and the geochemical distribution patterns.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure, geochemical, and spatial distribution patterns of an oil spill in parts of the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

et al. 2021

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Distribution Trends and Source Diagnosis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Sediments of Imiringi River

Aigberua

Seiyaboh

2021

Curr. World Environ

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The environmental menace caused by hydrocarbon releasing activities on water bodies have remained a cause for great concern. Such activities are accompanied by the release of highly toxic and carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), which are easily biomagnified across the food chain, ultimately aggravating adverse health conditions in human. This study was aimed at identifying the most important environmental contributors of PAHs in sediments of the Imiringi river. Owing to the activities of oil facilities among other anthropogenic influences, water bodies are inundated with hydrocarbon pollutants which settle within river bed sediments, thereby, playing an important role in the redistribution of contaminants. The applied diagnostic ratios (Phenanthrene/Anthracene, Fluorene/Fluorene + Pyrene, Fluoranthene/Fluoranthene + Pyrene, pyrogenic index and total index) revealed the presence of mixed source of PAHs (pyrogenic and petrogenic). PAH concentrations ranged from <0.01 to 3,965.4 µg/kg with most detected compounds exceeding regulatory limits. The high molecular mass PAHs (4 - 6 ring HPAHs) represents the primary source showing 94.29% distribution, while the low molecular mass PAHs (2 - 3 ring LPAHs) recorded trace concentrations of about 5.71% of total PAHs. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene and Dibenz(a,h)anthracene as principal PAH components in the environment. In addition, Pearson correlation showed Benzo(k)fluoranthene and Benzo(b)fluoranthene as the most positively correlating PAH species in sediment. Overall, the midstream section of the river was relatively more polluted than the up and down-river locations. Most notably, HPAHs recorded higher concentrations than the LPAHs. This may be due to intensive agricultural practices such as bush incineration, while waste dumps along the river bank remain tangible pyrogenic PAH contributors. On the other hand, trace amounts of observed petrogenic PAHs in some locations are possibly spill-over’s from oil bunkering activities and infiltrations from nearby oil installations.

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Rapid Assessment of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contamination in Soils: Spectroscopy Approach

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Exposure, geochemical, and spatial distribution patterns of an oil spill in parts of the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

Exposure, geochemical, and spatial distribution patterns of an oil spill in parts of the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

Distribution Trends and Source Diagnosis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Sediments of Imiringi River

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