“…The European Union (EU) stipulated 150 μg/kg as the maximum residue limit (MRL) for KAN in milk (European Commission, 2010). Thus far, numerous analytical methods have been reported for the detection of KAN residues in milk, including high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (Oertel et al ., 2004; Perez & Chen, 2018; Zhang et al ., 2019a, 2019b), LC (Acaroz et al ., 2020; Tasci et al ., 2021), immunoassay (Jiang et al ., 2018) and aptasensors (Sun et al ., 2014; Zou et al ., 2021). The limitations of these instrument methods include time‐consuming processes, tedious sample pretreatments and expensive instrument requirements, which may hinder their applications in the rapid, sensitive and high‐throughput screenings of contaminants in food.…”