Rapid Detection of Exosomal MicroRNAs Using Virus‐Mimicking Fusogenic Vesicles

Gao, Xihui; Li, Sha; Ding, Fei; Fan, Hong-Jia; Shi, Leilei; Zhu, Lijuan; Li, Jing; Feng, Jing; Zhu, Xinyuan; Zhang, Chuan

doi:10.1002/ange.201901997

Cited by 102 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Then the fusion protein on the engineered vesicles promoted fusion with the EV. When the vesicles fused, the enveloped molecular beacon targeted the specific EV miRNA and fluoresced, consequently elucidating the intensity of the target miRNA within each single EV through flow cytometry (Gao et al., 2019).…”

Section: Emerging Methods In Ev Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging methods in biomarker identification for extracellular vesicle‐based liquid biopsy

Liang

Lehrich

Zheng

et al. 2021

J of Extracellular Vesicle

106

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by many cell types and distributed within various biofluids. EVs have a lipid membrane-confined structure that allows for carrying unique molecular information originating from their parent cells. The species and quantity of EV cargo molecules, including nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and metabolites, may vary largely owing to their parent cell types and the pathophysiologic status. Such heterogeneity in EV populations provides immense challenges to researchers, yet allows for the possibility to prognosticate the pathogenesis of a particular tissue from unique molecular signatures of dispersing EVs within biofluids. However, the inherent nature of EV's small size requires advanced methods for EV purification and evaluation from the complex biofluid. Recently, the interdisciplinary significance of EV research has attracted growing interests, and the EV analytical platforms for their diagnostic prospect have markedly progressed. This review summarizes the recent advances in these EV detection techniques and methods with the intention of translating an EV-based liquid biopsy into clinical practice. This article aims to present an overview of current EV assessment techniques, with a focus on their progress and limitations, as well as an outlook on the clinical translation of an EV-based liquid biopsy that may augment current paradigms for the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring the response to therapy in a variety of disease settings.

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Section: Emerging Methods In Ev Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging methods in biomarker identification for extracellular vesicle‐based liquid biopsy

Liang

Lehrich

Zheng

et al. 2021

J of Extracellular Vesicle

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Lastly, ligands inducing viral fusion can also be grafted onto NPs. Gao et al [ 102 ] functionalized parainfluenza virus envelope-mimicking fusiogenic vesicles with hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein and the viral fusion protein, which bind sialic acid-containing receptors and initiate fusion, respectively. After fusion, the molecular beacons contained in the NP target miRNAs and generate a quantifiable fluorescence signal, which can be applied in exosome mRNA detection and cancer diagnosis.…”

Section: Ligand Display and Cell Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomedical nanoparticle design: What we can learn from viruses

Figueroa

Fleischmann

Goepferich

2021

Journal of Controlled Release

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Viruses are nanomaterials with a number of properties that surpass those of many synthetic nanoparticles (NPs) for biomedical applications. They possess a rigorously ordered structure, come in a variety of shapes, and present unique surface elements, such as spikes. These attributes facilitate propitious biodistribution, the crossing of complex biological barriers and a minutely coordinated interaction with cells. Due to the orchestrated sequence of interactions of their stringently arranged particle corona with cellular surface receptors they effectively identify and infect their host cells with utmost specificity, while evading the immune system at the same time. Furthermore, their efficacy is enhanced by their response to stimuli and the ability to spread from cell to cell. Over the years, great efforts have been made to mimic distinct viral traits to improve biomedical nanomaterial performance. However, a closer look at the literature reveals that no comprehensive evaluation of the benefit of virus-mimetic material design on the targeting efficiency of nanomaterials exists. In this review we, therefore, elucidate the impact that viral properties had on fundamental advances in outfitting nanomaterials with the ability to interact specifically with their target cells. We give a comprehensive overview of the diverse design strategies and identify critical steps on the way to reducing them to practice. More so, we discuss the advantages and future perspectives of a virus-mimetic nanomaterial design and try to elucidate if viral mimicry holds the key for better NP targeting.

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“…Real‐time dynamic monitoring of tumor diagnosis and prognosis evaluation can be conducted by exosome‐based liquid biopsy, which is beyond detection limitation of traditional tissue biopsies. In a recent work, we developed virus‐mimetic fusogenic vesicles for the rapid detection of exosomal miRNAs (Figure 3a; X. Gao et al, 2019). The fusion protein and the hemagglutinin‐neuraminidase protein were transfected on the surface of the cell membrane to mimic the fusogenic proteins on the viral envelope; then, the cell membrane and molecular beacon were coextruded to prepare the fusogenic vesicles, which could be efficiently fused to exosomes via the specific binding of exosomal sialic‐acid‐containing receptors and the envelope proteins, thereby generating fluorescence through the specific hybridization between molecular beacons and the exosomal miRNAs.…”

Section: Virus‐mimetic Systems For Tumor Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(a) In situ detection of exosomal miRNAs via the membrane fusion between virus‐mimetic fusogenic vesicles and the exosomes. Reprinted with permission from Gao et al (2019). Copyright 2019 John Wiley & Sons.…”

Section: Virus‐mimetic Systems For Tumor Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus‐mimetic systems for cancer diagnosis and therapy

Gao

Ding

Long

et al. 2020

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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Over past decades, various strategies have been developed to enhance the delivery efficiency of therapeutics and imaging agents to tumor tissues. However, the therapeutic outcome of tumors to date have not been significantly improved, which can be partly attributed to the weak targeting ability, fast elimination, and low stability of conventional delivery systems. Viruses are the most efficient agents for gene transfer, serving as a valuable source of inspiration for designing nanoparticle‐based delivery systems. Based on the properties of viruses, including well‐defined geometry, precise composition, easy modification, stable construction, and specific infection, researchers attempt to design biocompatible delivery vectors by mimicking virus assembly and using the vector system to selectively concentrate drugs or imaging probes in tumors with mitigated toxicity and improved efficacy. In this review, we introduce common viruses features and provide an overview of various virus‐mimetic strategies for cancer therapy and diagnosis. The challenges faced by virus‐mimetic systems are also discussed. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease

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Rapid Detection of Exosomal MicroRNAs Using Virus‐Mimicking Fusogenic Vesicles

Cited by 102 publications

References 30 publications

Emerging methods in biomarker identification for extracellular vesicle‐based liquid biopsy

Emerging methods in biomarker identification for extracellular vesicle‐based liquid biopsy

Biomedical nanoparticle design: What we can learn from viruses

Virus‐mimetic systems for cancer diagnosis and therapy

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