Rapid Detection of Pesticide Residues in Chinese Herbal Medicines by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Coupled with Partial Least Squares Regression

Abstract

This paper reports a simple, rapid, and effective method for simultaneous detection of cartap (Ca), thiocyclam (Th), and tebufenozide (Te) in Chinese herbal medicines including Radix Angelicae Dahuricae and Liquorices using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) coupled with partial least squares regression (PLSR). The proposed method can handle the intrinsic interferences of herbal samples; satisfactory average recoveries attained from near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) PLSR models were 99.0±10.8 and 100.2±1.0% for Ca, 100.2±6.9 and 99.7±2.5% for Th, and 99.1±6.3 and 99.6±1.0% for Te, respectively. Furthermore, some statistical parameters and figures of merit are fully investigated to evaluate the performance of the two models. It was found that both models could give accurate results and only the performance of MIR-PLSR was slightly better than that of NIR-PLSR in the cases suffering from herbal matrix interferences. In conclusion, FT-IR spectroscopy in combination with PLSR has been demonstrated for its application in rapid screening and quantitative analysis of multipesticide residues in Chinese herbal medicines without physical or chemical separation pretreatment step and any spectral processing, which also implies other potential applications such as food and drug safety, herbal plants quality, and environmental evaluation, due to its advantages of nontoxic and nondestructive analysis.

Detection of Profenofos in Chinese Kale, Cabbage, and Chili Spur Pepper Using Fourier Transform Near-Infrared and Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Spectroscopies

“…NIR and MIR coupled with PLSR were used to detect cartap, thiocyclam, and tebufenozide in Chinese herbal medicines (Radix Angelicae Dahuricae and Liquorices) in the concentration range 0–40 mg/kg. The satisfactory average recoveries obtained from these models were 99.0 and 100.2%, respectively . NIR and MIR spectroscopies showed promising potential to determine low amounts of chemical of interest in agriculture and food commodities.…”

“…NIR spectroscopy has been successfully applied to determine pesticide residues in fruit. − It could segregate the accepted and rejected products and enhance the wholesomeness of these produce . MIR spectroscopy was also able to determine pesticides in vegetables and herbal medicine. ,− However, the pesticides contaminated in leafy vegetables such as Chinese kale, cabbage, and chili spur pepper have been less investigated.…”

Simultaneous and rapid detection of carbofuran and 3-hydroxy-carbofuran in water samples and pesticide preparations using lateral-flow immunochromatographic assay

“…Standard solutions of CBF and 3-OH-CBF at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 ng/mL were prepared respectively: + means positive and − means negative samples. Yang et al, 2016), strip test is more portable with megascopic examination. Colloidal gold-based strip tests have been widely applied for the determination of water, fruits, and vegetables (Guo et al, 2018;Luo, Chen, Xiao, Zhao, & Wang, 2019;Yu, Liu, Song, Kuang, & Xu, 2016); however, there were few reports on the specific and rapid detection of illegal addition of one regulated pesticide to another pesticide preparation by using lateral-flow immunochromatographic assay.…”

Coupled Least Squares Support Vector Ensemble Machines

“…To improve the robustness of the single model, the coupled idea is used to train our ensemble model simultaneously. It is worth noting that the proposed method is similar to yet different from the existing coupled methods used in the field of facial recognition [17,18], artificial neural network [19,20] and partial least square [21,22]. Furthermore, the proposed C-LSSVEM method is different and improves [23] by integrating the coupling strategy to optimize our base model regressors.…”