Rapid determination of citalopram in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography

Máček, Ján; Ptáček, Pavel; Klima, Josef

doi:10.1016/s0378-4347(01)00121-9

Cited by 53 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Although citalopram is thought to be safer than TCA in the risk of cardiovascular causes, accumulating evidence indicates that citalopram may lead to cardiovascular risk within the clinical range [9,10,33] . On the basis of pharmacokinetics of citalopram, the therapeutic plasma concentrations of citalopram is reported to be less than 1 µmol/L in human depressed patients [34][35][36][37] . In the present study, the IC 50 value (2.9 µmol/L) of citalopram for blocking Kv1.5 is higher than therapeutic plasma concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open channel block of Kv1.5 currents by citalopram

2010

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Aim: To examine whether selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram interacts with Kv1.5, one of the cardiovascular-specific Kv channel isoforms. Methods: The interaction between citalopram and Kv1.5 expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells was studied using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Results: Citalopram reduced Kv1.5 whole-cell currents in a reversible concentration-dependent manner, with an IC 50 value and a Hill coefficient of 2.8±1.1 µmol/L and 0.8±0.3, respectively. Citalopram-induced inhibition of Kv1.5 is associated with time-dependent development of block without modifying the kinetics of current activation. The inhibition increased steeply between -30 and 0 mV, which corresponded with the voltage range for channel opening. In the voltage range positive to 0 mV, inhibition displayed an additional voltage dependence, consistent with an electrical distance δ of 0.19. Citalopram slowed the deactivation time course, resulting in a tail crossover phenomenon when the tail currents, recorded in the presence and absence of citalopram, were superimposed. Inhibition of Kv1.5 by citalopram was use-dependent. Conclusion: The present results suggest that citalopram acts on Kv1.5 currents as an open-channel blocker, and much caution about arrhythmogenic risk is required when using citalopram in the treatment with depressed patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open channel block of Kv1.5 currents by citalopram

2010

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“…At specific intervals, 500 µL of receptor medium was withdrawn and analyzed using high-pressure liquid chromatography. 38 All experiments were repeated three times and averaged. The skin permeation protocol was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Kaohsiung Medical University.…”

Section: Skin Permeation Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of microemulsions on transdermal delivery of citalopram: optimization studies using mixture design and response surface methodology

Huang¹,

Tsai²,

Lin³

et al. 2013

IJN

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Abstract:The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of microemulsions as a drug vehicle for transdermal delivery of citalopram. A computerized statistical technique of response surface methodology with mixture design was used to investigate and optimize the influence of the formulation compositions including a mixture of Brij 30/Brij 35 surfactants (at a ratio of 4:1, 20%-30%), isopropyl alcohol (20%-30%), and distilled water (40%-50%) on the properties of the drug-loaded microemulsions, including permeation rate (flux) and lag time. When microemulsions were used as a vehicle, the drug permeation rate increased significantly and the lag time shortened significantly when compared with the aqueous control of 40% isopropyl alcohol solution containing 3% citalopram, demonstrating that microemulsions are a promising vehicle for transdermal application. With regard to the pharmacokinetic parameters of citalopram, the flux required for the transdermal delivery system was about 1280 µg per hour. The microemulsions loaded with citalopram 3% and 10% showed respective flux rates of 179.6 µg/cm 2 and 513.8 µg/cm 2 per hour, indicating that the study formulation could provide effective therapeutic concentrations over a practical application area. The animal study showed that the optimized formulation (F15) containing 3% citalopram with an application area of 3.46 cm 2 is able to reach a minimum effective therapeutic concentration with no erythematous reaction.

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“…Valsartan may cause hypotension if it is taken with other heart medication. Methods such as HPLC [11,12], LC-MS [13,15] capillary electrophoresis [16], and simultaneous UV spectrophotometric method [17,18] are reported for estimation of valsartan alone or in combination with other drugs.…”

Section: Valsartanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a New UPLC Method for Simultaneous Determination of Valsartan, Amlodipine Besylate, and Hydrochlorothiazide Pharmaceutical Products

Lahsini

Monser

2015

Acta Chromatographica

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Summary.A new ultra-performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous determination of valsartan, amlodipine besylate, and hydrochlorothiazide in pharmaceutical formulations has been developed. Chromatographic separation was achieved within 1 min on a sub-2 μm RP18 column using an isocratic mode mobile phase consisting of a mixture of methanol and phosphate buffer (0.05 M, pH 3 ± 0.05) in the ratio 70:30 (v/v). The flow rate was set at 0.3 mL min −1 with a detection wavelength of 239 nm. The method was validated over the concentration ranges from 6.5 to 15.0 μg mL −1 for hydrochlorothiazide, from 5.0 to 12 μg mL −1 for amlodipine besylate and from 76.5 to 178.5 μg mL −1 for valsartan. Calibration plots were linear for valsartan, amlodipine besylate, and hydrochlorothiazide with a correlation coefficient greater than 0.99. Relative variation coefficients for repeatability and reproducibility were less than 3.0%. Recoveries from standard addition essay of individual component in pharmaceutical formulations were varied from 97.0% to 102.0%. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of valsartan, amlodipine besylate, and hydrochlorothiazide in pharmaceutical formulations with recoveries with respect to label amount in pharmaceutical formulations that varied from 98.0% to 102.9%. The low flow rate, short analysis time, and simple mobile phase composition make the method cost effective, rapid, nontedious, and successfully employed for simultaneous determination of these drugs in commercial pharmaceutical products.

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Rapid determination of citalopram in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography

Cited by 53 publications

References 13 publications

Open channel block of Kv1.5 currents by citalopram

Open channel block of Kv1.5 currents by citalopram

Effect of microemulsions on transdermal delivery of citalopram: optimization studies using mixture design and response surface methodology

Development of a New UPLC Method for Simultaneous Determination of Valsartan, Amlodipine Besylate, and Hydrochlorothiazide Pharmaceutical Products

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