Rapid determination of trace semicarbazide in flour products by high‐performance liquid chromatography based on a nucleophilic substitution reaction

Wei, Tianfu; Li, Gongke; Zhang, Zhuomin

doi:10.1002/jssc.201700045

Cited by 17 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…e analysis of nitrofuran residues in food is based on the detection of its metabolites [8,22]. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow injection, chemiluminescence, HPLC, and HPLC-MS were reported to be the most widely used methods [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. HPLC-MS is considered the most efficient technique among these methods due to its reliability, sensitivity, and selectivity [24,26,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Nitrofuran Metabolites in Complex Food Matrices Using a Rough, Cheap, Easy-Made Wooden-Tip-Based Solid-Phase Microextraction Probe and LC-MS/MS

Gong

et al. 2022

Journal of Chemistry

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In this study, a rough, cheap, easy-made wooden-tip-based solid-phase microextraction (SPME) probe was first developed for simultaneous determination of 4 nitrofuran metabolite derivatives in complex food matrices via LC-MS/MS. A simple dip-coating method was used to coat wooden tips with biocompatible polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and N-vinylpyrrolidone-co-divinylbenzene, also known as HLB particles, which served as the extractive substrate in the proposed device. Compared with the traditional solid-phase extraction (SPE) method, the proposed device shortens sample clean-up time, reduces solvent consumption, and decreases testing costs. In addition, the main parameters affecting the SPME procedure efficiency were investigated in detail and the optimal conditions were found. The method was validated using three different food matrixes (pork, croaker, and honey) by spiking with the four metabolites at 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 μg/kg, as well as their internal standards. The average recovery of all nitrofuran metabolite derivatives ranges from 97.4–109.5% (pork), 87.5–112.7% (croaker), and 98.6–109.0% (honey). Relative standard deviations were all <10% for intraday and interday precision. The values of limit of detection and limit of quantification were, respectively, ranging from 0.011 to 0.123 and 0.033 to 0.369 μg/kg (pork), 0.009 to 0.112 and 0.027 to 0.339 μg/kg (croaker), and 0.010 to 0.131 and 0.030 to 0.293 μg/kg (honey). The presented method was applied to the analysis of real positive samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Nitrofuran Metabolites in Complex Food Matrices Using a Rough, Cheap, Easy-Made Wooden-Tip-Based Solid-Phase Microextraction Probe and LC-MS/MS

Gong

et al. 2022

Journal of Chemistry

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“…Semicarbazide is frequently used as a photochromic dye for the preparation of thermal recording paper and as an intermediate for drugs such as adrenobazone and prednisone [ 10 , 11 ]. Semicarbazide is also released as a byproduct of azodicarbonamide used as a food additive or when packaging is decomposed at a high temperature [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Semicarbazide could also be detected in food by treating with hypochlorite [ 15 , 16 , 17 ] and exists naturally in some crustacean products and red seaweed and carrageenan [ 15 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semicarbazide Accumulation, Distribution and Chemical Forms in Scallop (Chlamys farreri) after Seawater Exposure

Xing

WeiHong

Sun

et al. 2021

Animals

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Semicarbazide is a newly recognized marine pollutant and has the potential to threaten marine shellfish, the ecological equilibrium and human health. In this study, we examined the accumulation, distribution, and chemical forms of semicarbazide in scallop tissues after exposure to 10, 100, and 1000 μg/L for 30 d at 10 °C. We found a positive correlation between semicarbazide residues in the scallops and the exposure concentration (p < 0.01). Semicarbazide existed primarily in free form in all tissues while bound semicarbazide ranged from 12.1 to 32.7% and was tissue-dependent. The time for semicarbazide to reach steady-state enrichment was 25 days and the highest levels were found in the disgestive gland, followed by gills while levels in gonads and mantle were similar and were lowest in adductor muscle. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of semicarbazide at low exposure concentrations was higher than that at high exposure concentrations. These results indicated that the scallop can uptake semicarbazide from seawater and this affects the quality and safety of these types of products when used as a food source.

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“…At present, the conventional detection methods of ADA in wheat flour are mainly high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) Wei et al, 2017] and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) [Noonan et al, 2005;Wang et al, 2014]. These two chromatographic methods can accurately detect the ADA content in wheat flour, and have the advantages of low detection limit, strong specificity, and high sensitivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Destructive Quantitative Analysis of Azodicarbonamide Additives in Wheat Flour by High-Throughput Raman Imaging

Wang¹,

Zhao²

2021

Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci.

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Azodicarbonamide (ADA) additives are limited or prohibited from being added to wheat flour by various countries because they may produce carcinogenic semicarbazide in humid and hot conditions. This study aimed to realize the non-destructive detection of ADA additives in wheat flour using high-throughput Raman imaging and establish a quantitative analysis model. Raman images of pure wheat flour, pure ADA, and wheat flour-ADA mixed samples were collected respectively, and the average Raman spectra of each sample were calculated. A partial least squares (PLS) model was established by using the linear combination spectra of pure wheat flour and pure ADA and the average Raman spectra of mixed samples. The regression coefficients of the PLS model were used to reconstruct the 3D Raman images of mixed samples into 2D grayscale images. Threshold segmentation was used to classify wheat flour pixels and ADA pixels in grayscale images, and a quantitative analysis model was established based on the number of ADA pixels. The results showed that the minimum detectable content of ADA in wheat flour was 100 mg/kg. There was a good linear relationship between the ADA content in the mixed sample and the number of pixels classified as ADA in the grayscale image in the range of 100 -10,000 mg/kg, and the correlation coefficient was 0.9858. This study indicated that the combination of PLS regression coefficients with threshold segmentation had provided a non-destructive method for quantitative detection of ADA in Raman images of wheat flour-ADA mixed samples.

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Rapid determination of trace semicarbazide in flour products by high‐performance liquid chromatography based on a nucleophilic substitution reaction

Cited by 17 publications

References 24 publications

Determination of Nitrofuran Metabolites in Complex Food Matrices Using a Rough, Cheap, Easy-Made Wooden-Tip-Based Solid-Phase Microextraction Probe and LC-MS/MS

Determination of Nitrofuran Metabolites in Complex Food Matrices Using a Rough, Cheap, Easy-Made Wooden-Tip-Based Solid-Phase Microextraction Probe and LC-MS/MS

Semicarbazide Accumulation, Distribution and Chemical Forms in Scallop (Chlamys farreri) after Seawater Exposure

Non-Destructive Quantitative Analysis of Azodicarbonamide Additives in Wheat Flour by High-Throughput Raman Imaging

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