Rapid discrimination of human oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma by mass spectrometry based on differences in amino acid metabolism

Abstract

Oesophageal cancer (OC) is associated with high morbidity and mortality, and surgery is the most effective approach to treat it. In order to reduce surgical risks and duration of surgery, we explored a new strategy to determine tumour margins in surgery. In this study, we included 128 cancerous and 128 noncancerous database entries obtained from 32 human patients. Using internal extractive electrospray ionization-MS, in positive ion detection mode, the relative abundances of m/z 104.13, m/z 116.10, m/z 132.13, and m/z 175.13 were higher in cancer tissue while the relative abundances of m/z 82.99, m/z 133.11, m/z 147.08, m/z 154.06, and m/z 188.05 were higher in normal tissue. Using partial least squares analysis, the mass spectra of cancer samples was discriminated from those of normal tissues, and the discriminatory ions were obtained from loading plots. Dimethylglycine(m/z 104), proline(m/z 116), isoleucine(m/z 132), asparagine(m/z 133), glutamine(m/z 147), and arginine(m/z 175) were identified by collision-induced dissociation experiments. Using the ROC curve analysis, we verified the validity of six amino acids for the identification of tumour tissue. Further investigations of tissue amino acids may allow us to better understand the underlying mechanisms involved in OC and develop novel means to identify tumour tissue during operation.

Roles of Lipid Profiles in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

“…41 Frozen section histology is the gold-standard method to accurately determining tumor margin during surgery, but this approach suffers from shortcomings, such as timeconsuming (mean turnaround time of 30-40 min), subjective interpretation of the results (diagnosis results depend on the experience of the pathologist), increased risk of surgery (during this time the patient remains under anesthesia), and so on. 41,51,59 Lipids are one of the important units for the human, and it plays a key role in activating cells, maintaining metabolism, enhancing human immunity and regeneration, maintaining cell barrier function, controlling cell signal transduction and so on. [20][21][22][23][24] Most importantly, lipids constitute the outermost structure of cells, which is beneficial for the diagnosis of diseases.…”

<p>Investigation Of Small Molecular Substances As Potential Biomarkers For Discrimination Of Gastric Tumor</p>

“…Surgery is the most effective treatment for gastric tumor. Identifying precise tumor margins during surgery is vital for obtaining confident resection and accurate prognosis, and minimizing healthy tissue loss 3–5. Currently, frozen-section histology is the gold standard method for determining tumor margins intraoperatively.…”

“…Currently, frozen-section histology is the gold standard method for determining tumor margins intraoperatively. However, this method has several disadvantages, including being time-consuming (taking 30–40 min), which significantly prolongs patient exposure to general anesthesia, and the diagnosis of the process being subjective 3,6. Therefore, a new and reliable diagnostic method is urgently required.…”

“…Therefore, in this study, we discuss small molecular substances as potential biomarkers for discriminating GT using mass spectroscopy (MS). MS has advantages including rapid analysis, high sensitivity, low detection limits, and insufficient requirements for analyte-specific reagents 3. MS is an effective method for analyzing complex mixtures.…”

“…MS is an effective method for analyzing complex mixtures. Internal extractive electrospray ionization-MS (iEESI-MS)3,10,11 is a method that efficiently provides molecular information within the body volume and characterizes analytes distributed in three-dimensional volumes of different biological tissues.…”