Rapid discrimination of oils containing coumarin using three-layer extraction and fluorescence spectrometry.

Kurata, Shoji; Aizawa, Naoyuki; Hirano, Haruo; Nagai, Masatoshi

doi:10.2116/bunsekikagaku.52.187

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Fluorescent microscopy can be used for the localization and quantitative determination of hydroxylated coumarin derivatives playing the role of photoprotectors in Dasycladis vermicularis (Scopoli) Krasser algae [5]. Another interesting fluorimetric method proposed for the rapid analysis of coumarin in fuels is based on the reaction of alkaline hydrolysis with formation of o-coumarinate ions and their subsequent conversion into o-coumarate ions exhibiting intense fluorescence [90].…”

Section: Methods Of Analysis Of Coumarinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural coumarins: Methods of isolation and analysis

Lozhkin

Sakanyan

2006

Pharm Chem J

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With a view to optimizing of the quality control of sweetclover herbs and related preparations containing coumarins among the active substances, methods for the isolation and analysis of compounds of this class -in particular, coumarin and furocoumarin -are reviewed. The group of possible analytical methods includes gravimetric, titrimetric, photocolorimetric, and polarographic analysis, and the more recently developed spectroscopic (UV and IR), fluorimetric, and chromatographic (GC and HPLC) techniques.Psoralen: R 1 = H, R 2 = H; Xanthotoxin: R 1 = H, R 2 = OCH 3 ;Bergapten: R 1 = OCH 3 , R 2 = H; Isopimpinellin: R 1 = OCH 3 , R 2 = OCH 3 .

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Section: Methods Of Analysis Of Coumarinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural coumarins: Methods of isolation and analysis

Lozhkin

Sakanyan

2006

Pharm Chem J

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“…For the fluorescence analysis of coumarin in the fuel [1][2][3], a mixture of alcohol containing ethanol and butanol with a volume ratio of 4:3 was prepared, and then the resulting alcohol mixture was mixed with an aqueous alkaline solution separately prepared, where the aqueous alkaline solution was prepared by dissolving 10 g of sodium hydroxide and 20 g of sodium nitrate in 100 mL of water. Fifteen mL of fuel sample was mixed with the above solvent mixture consisted of 15 mL each of the alcohol mixture and the aqueous alkaline solution.…”

Section: Fluorescence Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For a legal and orderly distribution of the diesel fuel, coumarin has been added to kerosene as a recognition marker in Japan since 1991. The coumarin in kerosene is normally detected under the official determination protocol prescribed by National Petroleum Association in Japan [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the official method could not be used if the sample volume is limited. The official method has been modified to be a brief procedure with the organic solvent, but without the extraction process, in the field of forensic chemistry [2]. The detection of coumarin was carried out by adding only an alkaline solution to the sample, although the measurement of the florescence spectra of coumarin derivatives is somewhat difficult due to the interferences with other fluorescent components in oil samples [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On-Line Coupling of Gas Chromatography-Gas Chromatography for the Determination of Coumarin in Kerosene

et al. 2019

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Determination of coumarin in kerosene was studied. Kerosene is discriminated from taxed fuel oil by the addition of coumarin in Japan. A fluorescence detection method has been widely used to check the legal distribution of kerosene, however, the method is inevitably resulting waste fluid consisted both of the aqueous alkaline solution and the organic solvent. By introducing a heart-cutting analysis with a set of on-line coupled packed-capillary and open-tubular columns, coumarin in kerosene was successfully determined in gas chromatography. The developed technique showed several advantageous features such as a significantly reduced waste, quick and easy separation/determination, along with a reduced sample volume required in the determination process.

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“…Fuel oil A is one of the heavy oils in Japan and is used for boilers in plant, diesel engines of vessels, and air-conditioners. Coumarin is not added to gas oils but is added to fuel oil A and kerosene as an oil marker at 1 ppm in Japan for proof of the delivery tax payment …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Discrimination of Counterfeit Gas Oil Prepared by Mixing Fuel Oil with Sulfuric Acid Using Gas Chromatography−Mass Spectrometry and Gas Chromatography−Atomic Emission Detection

Kurata

Nagai

2004

Energy Fuels

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A rapid discrimination of counterfeit gas oils prepared by mixing fuel oil A with sulfuric acid (95% H 2 SO 4 ) was studied by gas chromatography-atomic emission detection (GC-AED) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Sulfuric acid is used for the removal of coumarin as an oil marker. Both the aromatic and sulfur contents in the counterfeit gas oils are reduced by sulfonation. The counterfeit gas oils gradually changed into oils with abundant paraffins. The GC-MS analysis showed no or a slight amount of the condensed polycyclic aromatic compounds in the counterfeit gas oils before the sulfuric content in the oils was reduced to 50 ppm or less on the basis of the sulfur analysis by GC-AED. These sulfur values corresponded to the sulfur content in the authentic gas oils from Japan. Therefore, the combination of GC-MS and GC-AED analyzed the composition of the aromatic compounds and the sulfur content in the oils and rapidly distinguished the counterfeit gas oils from the authentic gas oil. IntroductionRecently, counterfeit gas oils are being prepared by mixing gas oil 1,2 with fuel oil A 3 (or kerosene) or by mixing fuel oil A with H 2 SO 4 . These are then sold without paying the delivery tax on gas oils in Japan. Fuel oil A is one of the heavy oils in Japan and is used for boilers in plant, diesel engines of vessels, and airconditioners. Coumarin is not added to gas oils but is added to fuel oil A and kerosene as an oil marker at 1 ppm in Japan for proof of the delivery tax payment. 4 Spectrofluorophotometry has been used as a method of coumarin detection for the rapid analysis of the counterfeit gas oils requiring a few milliliters of sample. However, this analysis is not suitable for the counterfeit gas oils prepared by mixing fuel oil A with H 2 SO 4 because H 2 SO 4 removes coumarin from the fuel oils A by sulfonation. Gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) is useful for the discrimination of the counterfeit gas oils prepared from kerosene but discriminated with difficulty the authentic gas oils from the counterfeit gas oils prepared from fuel oil A because of the very similar peak composition of paraffin. Newly improved analyses have to be urgently developed in lieu of spectrofluorophotometry 4 to detect coumarin in the oils. Gas chromatography-atomic emission detection (GC-AED) is superior to GC-FID for the analysis of the sulfur atoms of sulfur compounds in the counterfeit gas oils. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) also surpasses GC-FID in the analysis of aromatic compounds in counterfeit gas oils and analyzes only a few microliters of sample, an amount much better than the spectrofluorophotometry for even counterfeit gas oils without coumarin.In a previous study, 5 we reported that the GC-MS analysis easily distinguished fuel oil A from the authentic gas oils in the content of the condensed polycyclic aromatic compounds such as naphthalene, phenanthrene, and the derivatives. Fuel oils A are classified into the high-sulfur (approximately 10000 ppm) and low-sulfur ...

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Rapid discrimination of oils containing coumarin using three-layer extraction and fluorescence spectrometry.

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Natural coumarins: Methods of isolation and analysis

Natural coumarins: Methods of isolation and analysis

On-Line Coupling of Gas Chromatography-Gas Chromatography for the Determination of Coumarin in Kerosene

Rapid Discrimination of Counterfeit Gas Oil Prepared by Mixing Fuel Oil with Sulfuric Acid Using Gas Chromatography−Mass Spectrometry and Gas Chromatography−Atomic Emission Detection

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