Rapid discrimination of porous bio-carbon derived from nitrogen rich biomass using Raman spectroscopy and artificial intelligence methods

Low-cost Y-type zeolite/carbon porous composite from coal gasification fine slag and its application in the phenol removal from wastewater: fabrication, characterization, equilibrium, and kinetic studies

“… 26 The relative intensity of the D peak in the range of 1470–782 cm −1 reflected the disorder of the crystalline carbon structure, and the G peak in the range of 1959–1470 cm −1 corresponded to the vibrational mode (E 2g symmetry) of an ideal graphite lattice. 27 The integrated area ratio of the peaks is often used as a parameter of the structural change of the sample, and the ratio of I D to I G is used to quantitatively describe the degree of ordering of the carbon structure of the sample, whereby the lower the ratio, the higher the degree of ordering. 28 The peak fitting results of the curves showed I D / I G of 1.652 and 1.464 for the raw material and composite, respectively, which indicated that the carbon structure in CGFS was less ordered and had a more amorphous carbon structure.…”

“…31 The 27 Al MAS NMR spectra of the CGFS showed a broad diffraction peak from 80 to 30 ppm, which also indicated the disorder and heterogeneity of the aluminum species in CGFS. The 27 Al MAS NMR peak of the composite moved to 64 ppm and became strong and sharp, indicating that the aluminum in the composite existed as four coordination skeleton aluminum. These also proved the formation of the Y-type zeolite.…”

“…The thermogravimetric analysis of the materials was carried out by a thermogravimetric analyzer combined with quadruple mass spectrometry (STA449F3/QMS-403, Netzsch, Germany). Solid-state 27 Al and 29 Si MAS NMR spectra were obtained on an AVANCE III 600 spectrometer (BRUKER, Germany). The surface charges were measured by a zeta potential analyzer (Zetasizer Nano ZS90, Malvern, UK).…”

“…3.3.6. 29 Si and 27 Al NMR analysis. The solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique can provide an effective method for analyzing the framework structure of materials.…”

“…Fig. 4 depicts the 29 Si MAS NMR and 27 Al MAS NMR of the samples. The 29 Si MAS NMR of CGFS had a signal ranging from À70 to À130 ppm, which demonstrated its heterogeneous and glassy nature.…”