Rapid evaluation of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against VOC/VOIs by genetic mismatch

Cao, Lei; Zhao, Shi; Lou, Jingzhi; Zheng, Hong; Ck, Pun Mok; Rw, Chan; Chong, Ka Chun; Chen, Zigui; Chan, PK; Bc, Zee

doi:10.1101/2021.04.22.21254079

2021

DOI: 10.1101/2021.04.22.21254079

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Rapid evaluation of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against VOC/VOIs by genetic mismatch

Lei Cao

Shi Zhao

Jingzhi Lou

et al.

Abstract: Pulling vaccine efficacy and effectiveness (VE) outcomes from 17 reports of 9 different vaccine products and through sequence analysis, we found that genetic mismatch explained sizable variations in VE. The findings suggested the potential need of timely optimizing vaccine antigens as new dominant viral strains emerge.

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Efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 lineages circulating in Brazil

et al. 2021

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Several COVID-19 vaccines have shown good efficacy in clinical trials, but there remains uncertainty about the efficacy of vaccines against different variants. Here, we investigate the efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) against symptomatic COVID-19 in a post-hoc exploratory analysis of a Phase 3 randomised trial in Brazil (trial registration ISRCTN89951424). Nose and throat swabs were tested by PCR in symptomatic participants. Sequencing and genotyping of swabs were performed to determine the lineages of SARS-CoV-2 circulating during the study. Protection against any symptomatic COVID-19 caused by the Zeta (P.2) variant was assessed in 153 cases with vaccine efficacy (VE) of 69% (95% CI 55, 78). 49 cases of B.1.1.28 occurred and VE was 73% (46, 86). The Gamma (P.1) variant arose later in the trial and fewer cases (N = 18) were available for analysis. VE was 64% (−2, 87). ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 provided 95% protection (95% CI 61%, 99%) against hospitalisation due to COVID-19. In summary, we report that ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 protects against emerging variants in Brazil despite the presence of the spike protein mutation E484K.

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Efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 lineages circulating in Brazil

et al. 2021

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Rapid evaluation of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against VOC/VOIs by genetic mismatch

Cited by 1 publication

References 46 publications

Efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 lineages circulating in Brazil

Efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 lineages circulating in Brazil

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