Rapid extraction and determination of amphetamines in human urine samples using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and solidification of floating organic drop followed by high performance liquid chromatography

Ahmadi-Jouibari, Toraj; Fattahi, Nazir; Shamsipur, Mojtaba

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2014.01.044

Cited by 93 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Amostras biológicas têm sido analisadas com frequência por GC-MS, no entanto esta técnica necessita que o analito seja derivatizado previamente [19,24]. A derivação do THC-COOH foi realizada on line, dentro do injetor do cromatógrafo, no modo split (1:20) e a 260 ºC.…”

Section: Derivação Online Com Bstfaunclassified

“…O que provavelmente deve ter ocorrido. O mesmo comportamento foi relatado anteriormente [19,25,28,29]. Portanto, o volume de 200 µL de metanol foi selecionado.…”

Section: Figura 3 (A) Efeito Do Volume Do Solvente Extrator Na Deterunclassified

“…Com uma leve agitação da solução contendo os três solventes, o analito é extraído para as microgotas que são formadas. Após a centrifugação a gota formada com a fase orgânica extratora contendo o analito é congelada em um banho de gelo, retirada com o auxílio de uma espátula e, após o retorno à fase líquida, é analisada por cromatografia em fase líquida [19] ou em fase gasosa [20]. Diagrama do processo de extração por DLLME-SFO e comparação de suas características com outras técnicas similares são apresentados por Leong et al [21].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…A técnica DLLME-SFO tem sido usada com frequência para preparar amostras ambientais e raramente em amostras complexas de fluidos biológicos [19]. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a aplicação da técnica de microextração líquido-líquido dispersiva com solidificação da gota orgânica flutuante e análise por cromatografia em fase gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massas no modo tandem (GC-MS/MS] para a determinação de THC-COOH em urina.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Aplicação da microextração líquido-líquido dispersiva com solidificação da gota orgânica flutuante para determinação de 11-nor-9-carboxi-Δ9-tetraidrocanabinol em urina humana com derivação on-line no sistema de injeção cromatográfico

Dórea

Gomes²,

Prata³

et al. 2017

Scientia Plena

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Determinação de 11-nor-9-carboxi-Δ 9 -tetraidrocanabinol em urina humana por microextração líquido-líquido dispersiva com solidificação da gota orgânica flutuante e derivação online no sistema de injeção cromatográficoDetermination of 11-nor-9-carboxy-δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in human urine by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with solidification of a floating organic drop and on-line derivatization in the injection system chromatographic H. A Cannabis sativa é a droga de abuso mais consumidas no mundo. Devido à baixa concentração dos metabólitos em amostras complexas, novas técnicas de extração estão sendo estudadas. O objetivo desse trabalho foi aplicar a Microextração Líquido-Líquido Dispersiva com Solidificação da Gota Orgânica Flutuante (DLLME-SFO) para determinar o 11-nor-9-carboxi-Δ 9 -tetraidrocanabinol (THC-COOH) em urina humana. Além disso, estabelecer um procedimento on line para a derivação do metabólito no injetor cromatográfico. O analito foi extraído da urina depois da hidrólise alcalina do glicuronídeo, usando o solvente de extração 1-dodecanol (30 µL) e o metanol (200 µL) como dispersor. NaCl 1% foi adicionado e o tempo de extração foi de 5 min. A melhor proporção entre BSTFA:extrato para derivação on line do THC-COOH foi 2:2, injetor operado no modo split 1:20 e temperatura de 240 °C. O extrato foi analisado por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas no modo tandem (GC-MS/MS), depois da definição dos ions pais (m/z), da energia de excitação (modo ressonante) e dos ions filhos para a quantificação e confirmação (m/z) do canabinóide e do padrão interno deuterado. Os limites de detecção (LD) e de quantificação (LQ) foram 1 e 10 ng mL -1 , respectivamente. O método analítico proposto apresentou vantagens com relação à sensibilidade, especificidade, linearidade e custo com relação à extração em fase sólida, assim como é adequado à química verde e seus limites são apropriados para analisar THC-COOH em urina humana.Palavras-chave: THC-COOH, urina, DLLME-SFO.Cannabis sativa is the most used drug in the world. Due to the low concentration of metabolites in complex samples, new extraction techniques are being studied. The objective of this study was to develop an analytical method by applying the technique of Dispersive Liquid-Liquid MicroextractionSolidification of a Floating Organic Drop (DLLME-SFO) to determine 11-nor -9-carboxyl -Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) in human urine sample. In addition, it was established an online procedure for derivatisation of the metabolite in the chromatographic injector. After of the glucuronide alkaline hydrolysis, the analyte was extracted with 1-dodecanol (30 µL) and methanol (200 µL), as extraction and dispersive solvents, respectively, addition of 1 % NaCl and 5 min to extraction time. The best proportion between BSTFA:extract for on line derivatization of the THC-COOH was 2:2, the split was 1:20 and 240 °C for temperature. The extract was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS), after definition ...

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Section: Derivação Online Com Bstfaunclassified

“…O que provavelmente deve ter ocorrido. O mesmo comportamento foi relatado anteriormente [19,25,28,29]. Portanto, o volume de 200 µL de metanol foi selecionado.…”

Section: Figura 3 (A) Efeito Do Volume Do Solvente Extrator Na Deterunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Aplicação da microextração líquido-líquido dispersiva com solidificação da gota orgânica flutuante para determinação de 11-nor-9-carboxi-Δ9-tetraidrocanabinol em urina humana com derivação on-line no sistema de injeção cromatográfico

Dórea

Gomes²,

Prata³

et al. 2017

Scientia Plena

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“…Because of stimulant effects, MA is abused to increase sexual desire and physical energy among methadone patients [7]. MA dependence is associated with physical and psychological harms among methadone patients [8,9].…”

Section: Introduction Fter Cannabis Methamphetamine (Ma)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Matrix Model for Methamphetamine Dependence Among Iranian Female Methadone Patients: The First Report From the Most Populated Persian Gulf Country

Massah

Effatpanah

Shishehgar

2017

IRJ

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Objectives: Methamphetamine (MA) dependence is a new health problem among Iranian female methadone patients. In recent years, the Matrix Model (a sixteen-week psychosocial treatment) has been provided for treating MA dependence. However, the problems associated with this treatment in methadone services are not clear. Methods:A qualitative study was conducted to explore the problems associated with providing the Matrix Model in methadone clinics. Overall, 42 women were individually interviewed in 12 methadone clinics in Tehran in October 2015. All clinics provided the Matrix Model for MA dependence. Ten health professionals were also interviewed in three roundtable meetings. Data were analyzed using Atlas-ti software (version 9) based on the Grounded Theory of Strauss and Corbin. Results:The mean age of the women was 34 years old. All of them were MA-dependent on the methadone programme. The most important theme was that the Matrix Model was able to manage MA craving and relapse among women in methadone treatment services. However, the Matrix Model was long, expensive and needed intensive staff training. Furthermore, the coverage of the treatment was inadequate. Conducting brief psychosocial treatments was suggested to reduce these problems. Discussion:The results indicated that the Matrix Model is effective for treating MA dependence. However, the long length of the treatment, lack of cost-effectiveness, and intensive staff training are significant problems associated with providing MA treatment. Further studies are suggested to evaluate the role of brief interventions in reducing these problems in methadone treatment services.

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Trace analysis of some organophosphorus pesticides in rice samples using ultrasound‐assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and high‐performance liquid chromatography

Sharafi

Fattahi

Mahvi

et al. 2015

J of Separation Science

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An ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidification of a floating organic drop method followed by high-performance liquid chromatography was developed for the extraction, preconcentration, and determination of trace amounts of organophosphorus pesticides in rice samples. Variables affecting the performance of both steps were thoroughly investigated. Some effective parameters on extraction were studied and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, recoveries for rice sample are in the range of 58.0-66.0%. The calibration graphs are linear in the range of 4-800 μg/kg and, limits of detection and limits of quantification are in the range of 1.5-3 and 4.2-8.5 μg/kg, respectively. The relative standard deviation for 50.0 μg/kg of organophosphorus pesticides in rice sample are in the range of 4.4-5.1% (n = 5). The obtained results show that proposed method is a fast and simple method for the determination of pesticides in cereals.

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Rapid extraction and determination of amphetamines in human urine samples using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and solidification of floating organic drop followed by high performance liquid chromatography

Cited by 93 publications

References 50 publications

Aplicação da microextração líquido-líquido dispersiva com solidificação da gota orgânica flutuante para determinação de 11-nor-9-carboxi-Δ9-tetraidrocanabinol em urina humana com derivação on-line no sistema de injeção cromatográfico

Aplicação da microextração líquido-líquido dispersiva com solidificação da gota orgânica flutuante para determinação de 11-nor-9-carboxi-Δ9-tetraidrocanabinol em urina humana com derivação on-line no sistema de injeção cromatográfico

Matrix Model for Methamphetamine Dependence Among Iranian Female Methadone Patients: The First Report From the Most Populated Persian Gulf Country

Trace analysis of some organophosphorus pesticides in rice samples using ultrasound‐assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and high‐performance liquid chromatography

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