Rapid formation of hydroxyapatite layer on polyetheretherketone by vacuum ultraviolet irradiation and microwave heating techniques

Abstract

Rapid formation of hydroxyapatite [Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ; HAp] layer on the polyetheretherketone (PEEK) substrate was examined by the combined techniques of vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) irradiation and microwave heating. The surface properties of PEEK substrate were modified by the formation of carboxyl group due to the VUV irradiation at room temperature in air, whereas the formation of HAp layer was encouraged by the microwave heating of surface-modified PEEK substrate in the HAp-dissolved solution. The optimization of the fabrication conditions was conducted by checking (i) the distance of VUV lamp to PEEK substrate (112 mm) and VUV irradiation time (0120 min) for the surface modification of PEEK substrate, and (ii) the microwave heating temperatures (100 and 140°C) for the rapid formation of HAp layer on the PEEK substrate. When the PEEK substrate was surface-modified by the VUV irradiation for 120 min with the distance of VUV lamp to PEEK substrate kept being 1 mm, and then was microwave-heated in the HAp-dissolved solution at 140°C for 10 min, the thickness of the HAp layer on the PEEK substrate attained approximately 10¯m.

There Are over 60 Ways to Produce Biocompatible Calcium Orthophosphate (CaPO4) Deposits on Various Substrates

“…In addition, there are physical treatments that result in various types of surface modifications. Examples include thermal treatments [36,37], glow discharge [73][74][75], ultraviolet [49,[75][76][77], and high-energy low-current DC electron beam [78,79] irradiations, as well as electron cyclotron resonance plasma oxidation [80] and laser [81,82] treatments, which together produce very thin surface layers of the substrate with oxidation and/or partial degradation [49,[73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81] or surface texturization [82]. More specifically, the surface of substrates can be coated with an interlayer of another compound [48,67,[83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98] containing special binding agents [99][100][101] be...…”

Modification of polyetheretherketone implants: From enhancing bone integration to enabling multi-modal therapeutics

“…Various inorganic bioactive materials have been used as coatings to improve the cell affinity and osteointegration of PEEK implants. For instance, Suzuki et al [65] developed a rapid coating technique to deposit HA layer (10 µm) onto PEEK through combined vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) irradiation and microwave heating technique. Lee et al [66] applied a cold spray HA coating on PEEK (see Fig 3a), and animal study showed that the quantity of newly formed bone around HA-coated PEEK was significantly higher than that of the bare PEEK group.…”

Surface Modification of Poly(ether ether ketone) through Friedel–Crafts Reaction for High Adhesion Strength

“…1−9 Therefore, PEEK is widely considered as an alternative to metals in automobiles, aircrafts, biomaterials, and electronics. 2,5,10 Its specific applications include turbine blades, gears, bearings, bumpers, pipes, blankets of vehicles, and aerospace crafts, as well as orthopedic and spinal implants and electronic substrates. In addition, PEEK possesses high processability at a temperature higher than its melting point (ca.…”

“…Poly­(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) has attracted much attention as a superengineering thermoplastic with remarkable mechanical robustness, superior chemical resistance, high thermal stability, low abrasiveness, absence of toxicity, and biological inertness. − Therefore, PEEK is widely considered as an alternative to metals in automobiles, aircrafts, biomaterials, and electronics. ,, Its specific applications include turbine blades, gears, bearings, bumpers, pipes, blankets of vehicles, and aerospace crafts, as well as orthopedic and spinal implants and electronic substrates. In addition, PEEK possesses high processability at a temperature higher than its melting point (ca.…”