Rapid formation of large coastal sand bodies after emplacement of Magdalena river jetties, northern Colombia

Coastal erosion along the Caribbean coast of Colombia: Magnitudes, causes and management

“…This sediment loss is the primary factor contributing to high erosion rates specifically between Barranquilla and Cartagena Cities. Physical changes caused by these jetties are related directly to the interruption of the net southwestward sand drift in the area (Martinez et al (1990), Alvarado (2005), Anfuso et al (2015) and this paper). This process triggered complete destruction of several offshore sand shoals located between Bocas de Ceniza and Cartagena.…”

“…Sanchez and Forero (1983) established that the high dynamics in coastal processes were responsible for a large percentage of the observed erosion; Vernette (1985), Javelaud (1987) and Leblanck (1988) studied the sedimentological aspects with the goal of characterizing the existing sedimentary facies and their influence over coastal erosion processes. In the 90s coastal erosion became a very serious problem: Correa (1990) identified important erosion events along the Bolivar department coastline; Martinez et al (1990) studied existing relationships between coastal erosion and groins construction at the Magdalena River mouth at Barranquilla city; Martínez (1993) carried out geomorphological coastal erosion studies along Cordoba, Sucre and Bolivar departments and Martínez and Robertson (1997) studied Quaternary sea level variations and their influence on recent coastal erosion processes. At the end of this decade, the former Colombian Geological Survey (INGEOMINAS) classified the state of the entire Caribbean coast in terms of: high erosive state (erosion rates >10 m/yr), low variable coastlines and accreting coastlines.…”

“…The Magdalena River system is the primary drainage basin area (258,000 km 2 ) in Colombia with a length of 1700 km and occupies a significant portion of the Colombian Andes (Martinez et al, 1990;Restrepo and Lopez, 2008). From 21 years of daily data, Restrepo and Kjerfve (2000) established that this river provides a sediment load of 144 Â 10 6 t/yr, corresponding to a sediment yield of 560 t/ km 2 /yr 1 , the highest sediment yield of any medium-sized river along the entire South America eastern seaboard.…”

Long-Term Shoreline Displacements and Coastal Morphodynamic Pattern of North Rhodes Island, Greece

“…The study area is classified as a micro-tidal coast like most coastal systems in the Mediterranean Sea [53], with a tidal range less than 15 cm, and therefore, tides cannot affect the wave-dominated pattern as it happens in the meso-tidal areas of Colombian Pacific coast [30] and macro-tidal settings of southern and southwestern UK [18,20].…”

“…The data derived from the above multi-proxy approach are used to achieve the main purpose of this article that is to reveal the littoral processes responsible for the long-term beach evolution, which, despite of its small size, is of high interest since it is a mass touristic destination and a landmark of Rhodes Island. In addition, this study fills the gap of morphodynamics around a wave-dominated micro-tidal headland beach, since the majority of previous research focuses on curved planforms in tide-dominated environments [17,18,20,30].…”