Rapid Formation of Ontong Java Plateau by Aptian Mantle Plume Volcanism

Tarduno, J. A.; Sliter, William V.; Kroenke, Loren W.; Leckie, Mark; Mayer, Helmut; Mahoney, John J.; Musgrave, R. J.; Storey, Michael; Winterer, Edward L.

doi:10.1126/science.254.5030.399

Cited by 271 publications

(169 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Paleomagnetic data from Site 807 show that the basalt and overlying limestone are of normal polarity (Tarduno et al, 1991;Mayer and Tarduno, this volume) Harland et al (1990), we lack the means at present to correlate the paleontologic datums during the Barremian and early Aptian. Accordingly, in this paper we continue to use the correlations of Harland et al (1982) and Kent and Gradstein (1985).…”

Section: Biochronology and Geochronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The revised time scale of Harland et al (1990) now places the Hedbergella similis Zone in the latest Barremian and dates the top of ReversedPolarity Chron M0 at 124 Ma and the Barremian/Aptian boundary, still defined by the first appearance of Chiastozygus litterarius, at 124.5 Ma. Little information is given as to the reasons for revising the microfossil biostratigraphy (see discussion in Tarduno et al, 1991). In fact, revision of the Barremian to early Aptian planktonic foraminiferal datums is required based on new data from Leckie and Bralower (1991) and Coccioni et al (1992).…”

Section: Biochronology and Geochronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The timing of volcanism that formed the immense Ontong Java Plateau (>1.5 × 10 6 km 2 ) recently has come under scrutiny as it pertains to both the plume initiation model of large oceanic basalt plateaus (Richards et al, 1991) and the eruptive rate of the oceanic flood basalt events that apparently occurred within a few million years (Tarduno et al, 1991;Whitechurch et al, 1992). In addition, the massive and sudden outpouring of submarine basalts during the emplacement of large oceanic plateaus may be linked to global changes in sea level and climate (Caldeira andRampino, 1990,1991;Arthur etal., 1990;Larson, 1991aLarson, , 1991bTarduno etal., 1991).Thus, establishing the temporal record of volcanism at Ontong Java Plateau, the world's largest oceanic plateau, offers perhaps the best means to investigate the environmental consequences of a major submarine volcanic event.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cretaceous Planktonic Foraminifers and Depositional Environments from the Ontong Java Plateau with Emphasis on Sites 803 and 807

Sliter¹,

Leckie²

1993

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

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Cretaceous planktonic foraminifers from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 130 consist of two age groups: one dominantly Aptian in age and the other dominantly Maastrichtian. The oldest dated sediments from Ontong Java Plateau occur at ODP Site 807 and are assigned to the early Aptian Globigerinelloides blowi Zone. The assemblage correlates closely with Aptian foraminifers from Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Site 289 and a younger Aptian assemblage from DSDP Site 288 where drilling ended before reaching basement. Planktonic foraminifers from ODP Site 803 suggest a late Aptian to early Albian age and are overlain by radiolarians of late Albian age. These ages are in conflict with a radiometric age of about 90 Ma for basement at the site. The dominantly Maastrichtian group occurs at Site 807 and consists of poorly preserved, mostly small-sized specimens that range in age from perhaps the latest Campanian to the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary. Age assignments are made difficult by pervasive dissolution and resedimentation that extends into the Paleogene.Deposition of the Aptian limestone at Site 807 took place at lower bathyal depths beneath the foraminiferal lysocline but above the calcite compensation depth (CCD). Deposition then continued beneath the CCD until the late Campanian or Maastrichtian when carbonate sedimentation resumed. Within the Maastrichtian, deposition again took place at lower bathyal depths at or above the rapidly dropping CCD until the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary when the CCD apparently rose. Small planktonic foraminifers accumulated in winnowed and redeposited fine-grained sediments whereas larger planktonic foraminifers were deposited largely in mass-flow deposits that increase in number upsection through the Maastrichtian. The increased pulses of larger planktonic foraminifers followed by the abrupt occurrence of laminated sediments, an abundance of small, globular planktonic foraminifers, and an increase in radiolarians in the latest Maastrichtian likely were the result of northward plate motion into more productive waters and different current systems. At Site 803, deposition beneath the CCD continued from the earliest sediments above the basalt until the Eocene. Carbonate sedimentation during the late Albian to early Santonian, however, is recorded atop the plateau at Site 288.The extensive hiatuses in the Cretaceous sequence from the Ontong Java Plateau correlate in part with times of widespread hiatuses in the Pacific Basin. Evidence of pervasive mechanical erosion during the Cenomanian to Santonian and the Campanian to Maastrichtian on the top of the plateau perhaps were caused by the longitudinal position of the plateau relative to western boundary currents and eddy effects above the plateau.

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Section: Biochronology and Geochronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biochronology and Geochronologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cretaceous Planktonic Foraminifers and Depositional Environments from the Ontong Java Plateau with Emphasis on Sites 803 and 807

Sliter¹,

Leckie²

1993

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

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“…The Phoenix-Japanese ridge junction is concealed beneath the Ontong Java Plateau of middle Cretaceous age (Tarduno et al, 1991) and the Caroline Rise of Tertiary age, both of which may also represent mantle plumes.…”

Section: Ridge Configuration and Oceanic Plateausmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jurassic through Early Cretaceous Sedimentation History of the Central Equatorial Pacific and of Sites 800 and 801

Ogg¹,

Stattegger²,

Behl³

1992

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

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Sedimentation in the central Pacific during the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous was dominated by abundant biogenic silica. A synthesis of the stratigraphy, lithology, petrology, and geochemistry of the radiolarites in Sites 801 and 800 documents the sedimentation processes and trends in the equatorial central Pacific from the Middle Jurassic through the Early Cretaceous. Paleolatitude and paleodepth reconstructions enable comparisons with previous DSDP sites and identification of the general patterns of sedimentation over a wide region of the Pacific.Clayey radiolarites dominated sedimentation on Pacific oceanic crust within tropical paleolatitudes from at least the latest Bathonian through Tithonian. Radiolarian productivity rose to a peak within 5° of the paleoequator, where accumulation rates of biogenic silica exceeded 1000 g/cm 2 /m.y. Wavy-bedded radiolarian cherts developed in the upper Tithonian at Site 801 coinciding with the proximity of this site to the paleoequator. Ribbon-bedding of some radiolarian cherts exposed on Pacific margins may have formed from silicification of radiolarite deposited near the equatorial high-productivity zone where radiolarian/clay ratios were high. Silicification processes in sediments extensively mixed by bioturbation or enriched in clay or carbonate generally resulted in discontinuous bands or nodules of porcellanite or chert, e.g., a "knobby" radiolarite. Ribbon-bedded cherts require primary alternations of radiolarian-rich and clay-rich layers as an initial structural template, coupled with abundant biogenic silica in both layers. During diagenesis, migration of silica from clay-rich layers leaves radiolarian "ghosts" or voids, and the precipitation in adjacent radiolarite layers results in silicification of the inter-radiolarian matrix and infilling of radiolarian tests. Alternations of claystone and clay-rich radiolarian grainstone were deposited during the Callovian at Site 801 and during the Berriasian-Valanginian at Site 800, but did not silicify to form bedded chert.Carbonate was not preserved on the Pacific oceanic floor or spreading ridges during the Jurassic, perhaps due to an elevated level of dissolved carbon dioxide. During the Berriasian through Hauterivian, the carbonate compensation depth (CCD) descended to approximately 3500 m, permitting the accumulation of siliceous limestones at near-ridge sites. Carbonate accumulation rates exceeded 1500 g/cm 2 /m.y. at sites above the CCD, yet there is no evidence of an equatorial carbonate bulge during the Early Cretaceous. In the Barremian and Aptian, the CCD rose, coincident with the onset of mid-plate volcanic activity.Abundance of Fe and Mn and the associated formation of authigenic Fe-smectite clays was a function of proximity to the spreading ridges, with secondary enrichments occurring during episodes of spreading-center reorganizations. Callovian radiolarite at Site 801 is anomalously depleted in Mn, which resulted either from inhibited precipitation of Mn-oxides by lower pH of interstitial waters in...

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“…It has been suggested that the long Cretaceous normal magnetic polarity epoch may be related to a super plume in the SW Pacific Ocean that gave rise to the Ontong Java plateau (Tarduno et al 1991), and it has recently been established that the deep mantle super plume under Africa is connected to the surface by smaller plumes (Bagley and Nyblade 2013).…”

Section: Thermochemical Plumesmentioning

confidence: 99%