Rapid-Growing Intracranial Immature Teratoma Presenting Obstructive Hydrocephalus and Abducens Nerve Palsy: A Case Report and Literature Review

Woo, Seung-Bin; Lee, Chang-Young; Kim, Chang-Hyun; Ko, Young San; Kim, El; Shim, Ye Jee; Kim, Sang Pyo; Kwon, Sae Min

doi:10.14791/btrt.2022.0005

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…CT shows calcifications while MRI allows to better delineate the extent of the lesion, especially in the posterior fossa [ 8 , 10 ]. With regard to molecular marker analysis, elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is associated with more immature teratomas [ 4 ]. Little is known about the genetic and molecular etiopathogenesis of immature teratomas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Large Immature Intracranial Teratoma in an Infant: A Case Report

Da Silva,

Barreto,

Kummer

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Intracranial immature teratomas are rare, highly malignant, and fast-growing with a poor prognosis. We report the case of an infant with a large immature teratoma in the intracranial compartment. A two-month-old child presented to the emergency room with drowsiness and seizures. CT and cranial MRI showed hydrocephalus with a large expansive process in the right cerebral hemisphere extending to the infratentorial compartment, compressing the cerebellum and brainstem. It was then decided to partially resect the lesion. Postoperatively, due to the aggressiveness of the residual tumor, the patient developed complications (status epilepticus, hyperthermia, and electrolyte disorders) and died. Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies confirmed an immature teratoma. Teratomas are a subtype of germ cell tumors. Immature teratomas contain a population of cells that retain embryonic characteristics and tissues with more primitive components derived from all or some of the three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm). The prognosis of immature teratomas is associated with the degree of tumor differentiation, and those composed of undifferentiated embryonic tissues have a poor prognosis. This case report illustrates the rare and severe occurrence of a bulky immature cerebral teratoma in an infant. Unfortunately, despite undergoing a planned partial resection, the infant ended up having complications and died. Therefore, due to the size of the lesion in an infant, these cases are always complex when deciding on a surgical approach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are usually located in the midline and, therefore, are believed to originate in the pineal gland, involving the third ventricle and most often resulting in hydrocephalus [ 3 ]. Immature teratomas are rarer (representing 1% of all teratomas), and have a high degree of malignancy, rapid growth, and poor prognosis [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%