Rapid Heating-to-Ignition of High Explosives. I. Friction Heating

Randolph, Alan D.; Hatler, L.E.; Popolato, A.

doi:10.1021/i160057a001

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…where P n is a normal pressure, v is velocity and µ is a thermo-friction coefficient [10][11][12]. The frictional heat Q is further divided into two parts, reflecting the properties of each contacting materials: The ratio of the two heat flux elements is expressed as…”

Section: Analytical Description Of Friction Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Friction-induced ignition modeling of energetic materials

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The heat released during the external frictional motion is a factor responsible for initiating energetic materials under all types of mechanical stimuli including impact, drop, or penetration. We model the friction-induced ignition of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX), cyclotetramethylene-tetranitramine (HMX), and ammonium-perchlorate/ hydroxylterminated-polybutadiene (AP/HTPB) propellant using the BAM friction apparatus and one-dimensional time to explosion (ODTX) apparatus whose results are used to validate the friction ignition mechanism and the deflagration kinetics of energetic materials, respectively. A procedure to obtain the time-to-ignition for each energetic sample due to friction is outlined.

show abstract

Section: Analytical Description Of Friction Heatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Friction-induced ignition modeling of energetic materials

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is this state of uncertainty that led Randolph, Hatler, and Popolato (2) to explore rapid heating in the skid-test and mechanisms specific to the skid-test will be discussed in a later section.…”

Section: Thermal Explosion Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Randolph, Hatler, and Popolato (2) developed a model to predict drop height based upon the heat generated due to friction of the charge at impact. Their model uses Fourier's Law to partition the thermal flux from impact into conduction in the target and conduction in the charge.…”

Section: Initiation By Friction In the Skid-testmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analytic Tool to Investigate the Effect of Binder on the Sensitivity of HMX-Based Plastic Bonded Explosives in the Skid Test

Hayden

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This project will develop an analytical tool to calculate performance of HMX based PBXs in the skid test. The skid-test is used as a means to measure sensitivity for large charges in handling situations. Each series of skid tests requires dozens of drops of large billets. It is proposed that the reaction (or lack of one) of PBXs in the skid test is governed by the mechanical properties of the binder. If true, one might be able to develop an analytical tool to estimate skid test behavior for new PBX formulations.Others over the past 50 years have tried to develop similar models. This project will research and summarize the works of others and couple the work of 3 into an analytical tool that can be run on a PC to calculate drop height of HMX based PBXs.Detonation due to dropping a billet is argued to be a dynamic thermal event. To avoid detonation, the heat created due to friction at impact, must be conducted into the charge or the target faster than the chemical kinetics can create additional energy. The methodology will involve numerically solving the Frank-Kamenetskii equation in one dimension. The analytical problem needs to be bounded in terms of how much heat is introduced to the billet and for how long. Assuming an inelastic collision with no rebound, the billet will be in contact with the target for a short duration determined by the equations of motion. For the purposes of the calculations, it will be assumed that if a detonation is to occur, it will transpire within that time. The surface temperature will be raised according to the friction created using the equations of motion of dropping the billet on a rigid surface.The study will connect the works of Charles Anderson (8) , Alan Randolph, Larry Hatler, Alfonse Popolato (1) , and Charles Mader (2) into a single PC based analytic tool.Anderson's equations of motion will be used to calculate the temperature rise upon impact, the time this temperature is maintained (contact time) will be obtained from the work of Hatler et. al., and the reactive temperature rise will be obtained from Mader's work. Finally, the assessment of when a detonation occurs will be derived from Bowden and Yoffe's (3) thermal explosion theory (hot spot).

show abstract

“…This result suggests that at any moment in time, only a few asperities are respon--, sible for frictional heating. Following previous work (Holm, 1948, Randolph et al, 1976, we consider two subcases, n = 1 and n = 10.…”

Section: Fl Collision Geometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The calculation of surface.temperature•has been considered by Bowden and Tabor (1950), Holm (1947), Archard (1958) and Randolph et al (1976). The most important experimental results are as follows:…”

Section: F3· Characteristics Of Hot Surface Created By Frictional Immentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of methods and systems for reducng LNG tanker fire hazards

1980

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rapid Heating-to-Ignition of High Explosives. I. Friction Heating

Cited by 15 publications

References 3 publications

Friction-induced ignition modeling of energetic materials

Friction-induced ignition modeling of energetic materials

An Analytic Tool to Investigate the Effect of Binder on the Sensitivity of HMX-Based Plastic Bonded Explosives in the Skid Test

Feasibility of methods and systems for reducng LNG tanker fire hazards

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About