Rapid identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing reduce antibiotic use and accelerate pathogen-directed antibiotic use

Abstract

While rapid bacterial identification and susceptibility testing led to earlier changes and a significant reduction in antibiotic use, they did not reduce mortality.

Work Flow Analysis of Around-the-clock Processing of Blood Culture Samples and Integrated MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Analysis for the Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infections

“…The benefits of timely microbiological testing of blood cultures for patient management are under active investigation and may arise primarily from optimized and pathogen-directed antibiotic use (16,20,21 ), resulting in decreases in side effects, antibiotic resistance (22,23 ), and therapy costs (16,17 ). The first published evidence suggests that faster bacterial identification by MALDI-TOF MS or PCR does indeed increase the appropriateness of knowledge-based antibiotic treatment of bacteremia (24,25 ), properly reducing therapy and hospitalization costs (17 ).…”

The role of antibiotic stewardship in limiting antibacterial resistance among hematology patients

“…16 Re-assessment of empirical antimicrobial therapy with the help of the microbiological results after 2-3 days allows for de-escalation to targeted, narrower-spectrum antibiotics appropriate to the susceptibilities of the pathogens isolated. A clinical example of de-escalation strategy is shown in the Appendix and illustrates how de-escalation works in an individual patient.…”

Antibiotic susceptibility testing in less than 30 min using direct single-cell imaging

“…point of care | UTI | AST | antibiotic | resistance | microfluidic W ith the ever-increasing emergence and spread of antibioticresistant bacteria, a key factor in correct treatment of infections is the ability to rapidly identify the antibiotic susceptibility profile of the infecting species to assure the use of an efficacious antibiotic and reduce the need for broad spectrum drugs (1)(2)(3). Phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility tests (ASTs) are typically based on the detection of differential bacterial growth with and without antibiotics in liquid cultures or on solid agar plates (4).…”