Rapid identification of enterococci

Bosley, G S; Facklam, Richard R.; Grossman, Douglas

doi:10.1128/jcm.18.5.1275-1277.1983

Cited by 48 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The data obtained with the disks containing C. perfringens alpha-toxin are not shown, but the reactions of the reference and clinical strains tested with the C. perfringens alpha-toxin were identical to those seen with the beta-lysin of S. intermedius except for two species; all strains of S. hyicus and S. chromogenes were negative by this method. Many of the positive strains produced clear zones after only 2 h, and all reactions were complete within 4 h.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Characteristics of coagulase-negative staphylococci that help differentiate these species and other members of the family Micrococcaceae

et al. 1988

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One hundred reference strains and 1,240 clinical isolates representing 26 species of the family Micrococcaceae were used to evaluate the potential of tests for synergistic hemolysis, adherence to glass, pyroglutamyl-II-naphthylamide hydrolysis, and susceptibility to a set of five antimicrobial agents for differentiating these species and strains within the species. Sixty-eight percent of the clinical isolates exhibited synergistic hemolysis; 69% of the clinical staphylococci but none of the micrococci or stomatococci were adherence positive, and 92% of the strong positive adherence reactions were produced by strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Strains from 15 of the species were pyroglutamyl-4-naphthylamide positive, but this test separated Staphylococcus xylosus from other novobiocin-resistant staphylococci and Staphylococcus intermedius from other coagulase-positive species. A polymyxin B disk helped differentiate S. epidermidis from most other coagulase-negative staphylococci, and a bacitracin disk (10 U) helped differentiate Staphylococcus haemolyticus from most other novobiocin-susceptible staphylococci. All strains that were susceptible to furazolidone and resistant to Taxo A disks (bacitracin, 0.04 U; BBL Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, Md.) were staphylococci. We observed a 91% correlation between species identification obtained with the Staph-Ident system (Analytab Products, Plainview, N.Y.) and conventional methods; but the micrococci and stomatococci were incorrectly identified as staphylococci with Staph-Ident, and several isolates of S. epidermidis were misidentified as Staphylococcus hominis because they were alkaline phosphatase negative. Both these problems can be prevented by adding the simple tests we describe to those already recommended when the Staph-Ident system is used to identify isolates of gram-positive, catalase-positive cocci.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Characteristics of coagulase-negative staphylococci that help differentiate these species and other members of the family Micrococcaceae

et al. 1988

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…,[171][172][173][174][175][176][177][178][179][180][181][182][183][184][185][186] Because PYRase has a specific enzymatic activity, chromogenic and fluorogenic substrates have been developed to differentiate bacteria based on PYRase activity. Such substrates included: The identification of bacteria based on PYRase activity can also be performed in liquid culture and on agar media.lE7 In addition, tests have been developed for direct bacterial identification from clinical human and animal samples.181~1s2~188 It is worth noting that the PYRase test alone may not be sufficient for bacterial (pathogen) identification when applied to clinical samples, and thus this test is usually accompanied by other enzymatic tests and serological tests for confirmation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrrolidone carboxyl peptidase (Pcp): An enzyme that removes pyroglutamic acid (pGlu) from pGlu‐peptides and pGlu‐proteins

Awade¹,

Cleuziat²,

Gonzalès³

et al. 1994

Proteins

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pyrrolidone carboxyl peptidase (EC 3.4.11.8) is an exopeptidase commonly called PYRase, which hydrolytically removes the pGlu-proteins. pGlu also known as pyrrolidone carboxylic acid may occur naturally by an enzymatic procedure or may occur as an artifact in proteins or peptides. The enzymatic synthesis of pGlu suggests that this residue may have important biological and physiological functions. Several studies are consistent with this supposition. PYRase has been found in a variety of bacteria, and in plant, animal, and human tissues. For over two decades, biochemical and enzymatic properties of PYRase have been investigated. At least two classes of PYRase have been characterized. The first one includes the bacterial and animal type I PYRases and the second one the animal type II and serum PYRases. Enzymes from these two classes present differences in their molecular weight and in their enzymatic properties. Recently, the genes of PYRases from four bacteria have been cloned and characterized, allowing the study of the primary structure of these enzymes, and their over-expression in heterelogous organisms. Comparison of the primary structure of these enzymes revealed striking homologies. Type I PYRases and bacterial PYRases are generally soluble enzymes, whereas type II PYRases are membrane-bound enzymes. PYRase II appears to play as important a physiological role as other neuropeptide degrading enzymes. However, the role of type I and bacterial PYRases remains unclear. The primary application of PYRase has been its utilization for some protein or peptide sequencing. Development of chromogenic substrates for this enzyme has allowed its use in bacterial diagnosis.

show abstract

“…For the present study, we received 42 Sharpe's serotype strains from NIRD, and we first examined for their biochemical characteristics of E. faecalis in Api STREP 20 kit as recommended by several investigators (1,2,13), because the characteristics of these strains as E. faecalis have not been determined since they were deposited in NIRD and NCTC. We found that only 9 strains of the 42 strains were identified as E. faecalis, and that even 23 strains deposited in NCTC as Sharpe's serotypes 1-16, 18-24 (corresponding to Group D Sharpe and Shattock serotypes NCTC 8727, 8796, 8729-8749 in the catalogues of the National Collections of Type Cultures and Pathogenic Fungi, 1989) included strains of 4 different species of genus Enterococcus and strains of genus Streptococcus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proposal of a New Scheme for the Serological Typing of Enterococcus faecalis Strains

Maekawa

Yoshioka

Kumamoto

1992

Microbiology and Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

No systematic study on serotyping of Enterococcus faecalis has been reported since 1964 when M.E. Sharpe conducted serotyping of group D streptococcus in U.K. So, we attempted to re-evaluate serotyping of E. faecalis. For this purpose, we received 42 Sharpe's strains and first examined for their biochemical characteristics as E. faecalis. Only 9 of the 42 strains were identified as E. faecalis. We raised rabbit antisera against a large number of E. faecalis strains, including the 9 Sharpe's strains, 2 strains obtained from CDC in U.S.A. and 36 strains isolated from patients hospitalized in different cities of Japan. From the results of cross-agglutination tests and absorption tests performed on these antisera using a large number of E. faecalis strains, we were able to classify 21 distinct serotype strains and to prepare 21 monospecific typing antisera by absorption of the antisera to the type strains with appropriate cross-agglutinating strains. When 832 E. faecalis strains were serotyped with the 21 typing antisera, 638 strains (76.7%) were typable. Thus, we propose a provisional scheme of 21 distinct serovars in E. faecalis.

show abstract

Rapid identification of enterococci

Cited by 48 publications

References 6 publications

Characteristics of coagulase-negative staphylococci that help differentiate these species and other members of the family Micrococcaceae

Characteristics of coagulase-negative staphylococci that help differentiate these species and other members of the family Micrococcaceae

Pyrrolidone carboxyl peptidase (Pcp): An enzyme that removes pyroglutamic acid (pGlu) from pGlu‐peptides and pGlu‐proteins

Proposal of a New Scheme for the Serological Typing of Enterococcus faecalis Strains

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About